PHPUnit实践二（生命周期）

摘要：另外，与模板方法将分别在测试用例类的第一个测试运行之前和测试用例类的最后一个测试运行之后调用。

本系列教程所有的PHPUnit测试基于PHPUnit6.5.9版本，Lumen 5.5框架

PHPUnit自动测试文件会自动加载引入（include file）

PHPUnit去启动setUp方法，Lumen里重写了setUp，加载了bootstrap/app.php

app.php加载了composer的autoload，借此你项目所有自动加载环境都有了，不过不包含tests目录

至此我们引入了我们需要构建自己的自动加载类

├── BaseCase.php 重写过Lumen基类的测试基类，用于我们用这个基类做测试基类，后续会说明
├── bootstrap.php tests自动加载文件
├── Cases 测试用例目录
│   └── Demo 测试模块
│       ├── logs 日志输出目录
│       ├── PipeTest.php PHPUnit流程测试用例
│       ├── phpunit.xml phpunit配置文件xml
│       └── README.md 本模块测试用例说明
├── ExampleTest.php 最原始测试demo
└── TestCase.php Lumen自带的测试基类

phpunit.xml
自动加载配置bootstrap文件




流程测试代码
TestCase.php
# 代码头部添加 命令空间Test
namespace Test;
PipeTest 流程代码
assertTrue(true);
    }

    public function testTwo()
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
        // 两个交换下顺序可以看下效果
        // 正常执行成功assert可以继续执行，失败的会跳出方法
        $this->assertArrayHasKey("d", ["d"=>1, "e"=>2]);
        $this->assertTrue(false);
    }

    public function testThree()
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
        $this->assertTrue(false);
    }

    public function testFour()
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
    }

    /**
     * 测试方法成功后的后置执行，tearDown之前
     */
    protected function assertPostConditions()
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
    }

    public function tearDown()
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
    }

    public static function tearDownAfterClass()
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
    }

    /**
     * 不成功后拦截方法
     * 必须重新抛出错误，如果不抛出错误，断言会当成成功了
     */
    public function onNotSuccessfulTest(Throwable $e)
    {
        fwrite(STDOUT, __METHOD__ . "
");
        // 必须重新抛出错误，如果不抛出错误，断言会当成成功了
        throw $e;
    }
}
运行
# 你可以把vendor/bin加入到环境变量PATH
cd tests/Demo
../../../vendor/bin/phpunit
运行输出
PHPUnit 6.5.9 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUpBeforeClass
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testOne
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPostConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
.TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testTwo
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::onNotSuccessfulTest
FTestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testThree
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::onNotSuccessfulTest
FTestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testFour
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPostConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
R                                                                4 / 4 (100%)TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDownAfterClass


Time: 1.29 seconds, Memory: 6.00MB

There were 2 failures:

1) TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testTwo
Failed asserting that false is true.

/xxx/tests/Cases/Demo/PipeTest.php:47

2) TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testThree
Failed asserting that false is true.

/xxx/tests/Cases/Demo/PipeTest.php:53

--

There was 1 risky test:

1) TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testFour
This test did not perform any assertions

FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 4, Failures: 2, Risky: 1.

Generating code coverage report in HTML format ... done
整理流程输出
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUpBeforeClass
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testOne
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPostConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testTwo
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::onNotSuccessfulTest
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testThree
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::onNotSuccessfulTest
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::setUp
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPreConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::testFour
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::assertPostConditions
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDown
TestCasesDemoPipeTest::tearDownAfterClass
总结
一个测试类文件，从setUpBeforeClass加载，且仅此加载一次
每个测试方法都会走的过程：setUp->assertPreConditions->测试方法->[assert成功执行：assertPostConditions]->tearDown->[assert执行失败：onNotSuccessfulTest，且本方法需要抛出错误]
本个测试类文件执行tearDownAfterClass结束
参考
PHPUnit 6.5 官方文档