摘要:自定义校验全局过滤器如何应用呢只需要添加注解,不需要进行任何额外的配置,实现接口,自动会对所有的路由起作用总结由于刚接触,有些地方也不是特别熟悉,上面的示例代码仅仅作为参考,如果有错误的地方,还望指正。
一切的业务开发都是基于需求的,首先看看需求:
对访问网关的请求进行token校验,只有当token校验通过时,才转发到后端服务,否则直接返回401
本文给出的示例代码适用场景:
token存放在redis中, key为用户的uid
依赖的pom.xml
4.0.0 com.winture api-gateway 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT jar api-gateway Demo project for Spring Boot org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.0.4.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 Finchley.SR1 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-gateway org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-data-redis org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies ${spring-cloud.version} pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
在Spring Cloud Gateway中,主要有两种类型的过滤器:GlobalFilter 和 GatewayFilter
GlobalFilter : 全局过滤器,对所有的路由均起作用
GatewayFilter : 只对指定的路由起作用
1、自定义GatewayFilter自定义GatewayFilter又有两种实现方式,一种是直接 实现GatewayFilter接口,另一种是 继承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory类 ,任意选一种即可
1.1 实现GatewayFilter接口package com.winture.gateway.filter; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain; import org.springframework.core.Ordered; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; /** * token校验过滤器 * @Version V1.0 */ public class AuthorizeGatewayFilter implements GatewayFilter, Ordered { private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token"; private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid"; @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; @Override public Monofilter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest(); HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders(); String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN); String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID); if (token == null) { token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN); } if (uid == null) { uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID); } ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse(); if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) { response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); return response.setComplete(); } String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid); if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) { response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); return response.setComplete(); } return chain.filter(exchange); } @Override public int getOrder() { return 0; } }
首先从header头信息中获取uid和token信息,如果token或者uid为null,则从请求参数中尝试再次获取,如果依然不存在token或者uid,则直接返回401状态吗,同时结束请求;如果两者都存在,则根据uid从redis中读取保存的authToken,并和请求中传输的token进行比对,比对一样则继续通过过滤器链,否则直接结束请求,返回401.
如何应用 AuthorizeGatewayFilter 呢?
package com.winture.gateway; import com.winture.gateway.filter.AuthorizeGatewayFilter; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; @SpringBootApplication public class GatewayApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args); } @Bean public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) { return builder.routes().route(r -> r.path("/user/list") .uri("http://localhost:8077/api/user/list") .filters(new AuthorizeGatewayFilter()) .id("user-service")) .build(); } }1.2 继承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory类
package com.winture.gateway.filter.factory; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractGatewayFilterFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; @Component public class AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory{ private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.class); private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token"; private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid"; @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; public AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory() { super(Config.class); logger.info("Loaded GatewayFilterFactory [Authorize]"); } @Override public List shortcutFieldOrder() { return Arrays.asList("enabled"); } @Override public GatewayFilter apply(AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.Config config) { return (exchange, chain) -> { if (!config.isEnabled()) { return chain.filter(exchange); } ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest(); HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders(); String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN); String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID); if (token == null) { token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN); } if (uid == null) { uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID); } ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse(); if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) { response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); return response.setComplete(); } String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid); if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) { response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); return response.setComplete(); } return chain.filter(exchange); }; } public static class Config { // 控制是否开启认证 private boolean enabled; public Config() {} public boolean isEnabled() { return enabled; } public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) { this.enabled = enabled; } } }
如何应用 AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory 呢?
# 网关路由配置 spring: cloud: gateway: routes: - id: user-service uri: http://localhost:8077/api/user/list predicates: - Path=/user/list filters: # 关键在下面一句,值为true则开启认证,false则不开启 # 这种配置方式和spring cloud gateway内置的GatewayFilterFactory一致 - Authorize=true
上面的两种方式都可以实现对访问网关的 特定请求 进行token校验,如果想对 所有的请求 都进行token校验,那么可以采用实现 GlobalFilter 方式。
2、自定义GlobalFilterpackage com.winture.gateway.filter; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter; import org.springframework.core.Ordered; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; /** * token校验全局过滤器 * @Version V1.0 */ @Component public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered { private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token"; private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid"; @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; @Override public Monofilter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest(); HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders(); String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN); String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID); if (token == null) { token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN); } if (uid == null) { uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID); } ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse(); if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) { response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); return response.setComplete(); } String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid); if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) { response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); return response.setComplete(); } return chain.filter(exchange); } @Override public int getOrder() { return 0; } }
如何应用 AuthorizeFilter 呢?
只需要添加 @Component 注解,不需要进行任何额外的配置,实现GlobalFilter接口,自动会对所有的路由起作用3、总结
由于刚接触Spring Cloud Gateway,有些地方也不是特别熟悉,上面的示例代码仅仅作为参考,如果有错误的地方,还望指正。
备注:
运行上面的代码,需要先启动redis服务,由于没有配置redis的地址和端口,默认采用localhost和6379端口,如果不一致,请自行在application.yml文件中配置即可;
网关的端口采用默认的8080;
当通过网关访问/user/list时,如果token验证通过,会转发到 http://localhost:8077/api/user/list 上,这是另外的一个接口服务,自行根据实际情况修改;
参考学习:
Spring Cloud Gateway官方文档
Spring Cloud Gateway源代码
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