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Spring Cloud Gateway自定义Token校验过滤器

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摘要:自定义校验全局过滤器如何应用呢只需要添加注解,不需要进行任何额外的配置,实现接口,自动会对所有的路由起作用总结由于刚接触,有些地方也不是特别熟悉,上面的示例代码仅仅作为参考,如果有错误的地方,还望指正。

一切的业务开发都是基于需求的,首先看看需求:

对访问网关的请求进行token校验,只有当token校验通过时,才转发到后端服务,否则直接返回401

本文给出的示例代码适用场景:

token存放在redis中, key为用户的uid

依赖的pom.xml



    4.0.0

    com.winture
    api-gateway
    0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    jar

    api-gateway
    Demo project for Spring Boot

    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.0.4.RELEASE
         
    

    
        UTF-8
        UTF-8
        1.8
        Finchley.SR1
    

    
        
            org.springframework.cloud
            spring-cloud-starter-gateway
        

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-data-redis
        

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
            test
        
    

    
        
            
                org.springframework.cloud
                spring-cloud-dependencies
                ${spring-cloud.version}
                pom
                import
            
        
    

    
        
            
                org.springframework.boot
                spring-boot-maven-plugin
            
        
    

在Spring Cloud Gateway中,主要有两种类型的过滤器:GlobalFilterGatewayFilter

GlobalFilter : 全局过滤器,对所有的路由均起作用

GatewayFilter : 只对指定的路由起作用

1、自定义GatewayFilter

自定义GatewayFilter又有两种实现方式,一种是直接 实现GatewayFilter接口,另一种是 继承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory类 ,任意选一种即可

1.1 实现GatewayFilter接口
package com.winture.gateway.filter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

/**
 * token校验过滤器
 * @Version V1.0
 */
public class AuthorizeGatewayFilter implements GatewayFilter, Ordered {

    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Override
    public Mono filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        if (token == null) {
            token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        }
        if (uid == null) {
            uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        }

        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid);
        if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

}

首先从header头信息中获取uid和token信息,如果token或者uid为null,则从请求参数中尝试再次获取,如果依然不存在token或者uid,则直接返回401状态吗,同时结束请求;如果两者都存在,则根据uid从redis中读取保存的authToken,并和请求中传输的token进行比对,比对一样则继续通过过滤器链,否则直接结束请求,返回401.

如何应用 AuthorizeGatewayFilter 呢?

package com.winture.gateway;

import com.winture.gateway.filter.AuthorizeGatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
        return builder.routes().route(r ->
                r.path("/user/list")
                .uri("http://localhost:8077/api/user/list")
                .filters(new AuthorizeGatewayFilter())
                .id("user-service"))
            .build();
    }
}
1.2 继承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory类
package com.winture.gateway.filter.factory;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractGatewayFilterFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@Component
public class AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory {

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.class);

    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    public AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory() {
        super(Config.class);
        logger.info("Loaded GatewayFilterFactory [Authorize]");
    }

    @Override
    public List shortcutFieldOrder() {
        return Arrays.asList("enabled");
    }

    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.Config config) {
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            if (!config.isEnabled()) {
                return chain.filter(exchange);
            }

            ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
            HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
            String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
            String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
            if (token == null) {
                token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
            }
            if (uid == null) {
                uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
            }

            ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
            if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) {
                response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
                return response.setComplete();
            }
            String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid);
            if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) {
                response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
                return response.setComplete();
            }
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        };
    }

    public static class Config {
        // 控制是否开启认证
        private boolean enabled;

        public Config() {}

        public boolean isEnabled() {
            return enabled;
        }

        public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
            this.enabled = enabled;
        }
    }
}

如何应用 AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory 呢?

# 网关路由配置
spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: user-service
        uri: http://localhost:8077/api/user/list
        predicates:
        - Path=/user/list
        filters:
        # 关键在下面一句,值为true则开启认证,false则不开启
        # 这种配置方式和spring cloud gateway内置的GatewayFilterFactory一致
        - Authorize=true

上面的两种方式都可以实现对访问网关的 特定请求 进行token校验,如果想对 所有的请求 都进行token校验,那么可以采用实现 GlobalFilter 方式。

2、自定义GlobalFilter
package com.winture.gateway.filter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

/**
 * token校验全局过滤器
 * @Version V1.0
 */
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Override
    public Mono filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        if (token == null) {
            token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        }
        if (uid == null) {
            uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        }

        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid);
        if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

如何应用 AuthorizeFilter 呢?

只需要添加 @Component 注解,不需要进行任何额外的配置,实现GlobalFilter接口,自动会对所有的路由起作用
3、总结

由于刚接触Spring Cloud Gateway,有些地方也不是特别熟悉,上面的示例代码仅仅作为参考,如果有错误的地方,还望指正。

备注

运行上面的代码,需要先启动redis服务,由于没有配置redis的地址和端口,默认采用localhost和6379端口,如果不一致,请自行在application.yml文件中配置即可;

网关的端口采用默认的8080;

当通过网关访问/user/list时,如果token验证通过,会转发到 http://localhost:8077/api/user/list 上,这是另外的一个接口服务,自行根据实际情况修改;

参考学习:

Spring Cloud Gateway官方文档

Spring Cloud Gateway源代码

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