Elasticsearch实战Java High Level REST Client实现员工管理案例

Barry_Ng 发布于2019-08-16 17:15 / 1300人阅读

摘要：开发环境这里讲的是实战对于如何安装，配置环境变量，配置不做讲解详细请查看学习笔记四在上安装和启动增量同步数据到方式实现从零到一超级详里面有做详细讲解，对于搭建集群目前还没有写相关文章，读者可以自行在项目的文件中添加的依赖实现员工信息

开发环境：

elasticsearch:7.0.0
kibana:7.0.0
JDK: 1.8.0_201
maven: 3.6.1

这里讲的是实战对于如何安装elasticsearch，配置java环境变量，配置maven不做讲解

详细请查看：
elasticsearch学习笔记（四）——在windows上安装和启动Elasticsearch
https://segmentfault.com/a/11...
增量同步mysql 数据到elasticsearch canal adapter方式(binlog)实现（从零到一超级详
https://segmentfault.com/a/11...
里面有做详细讲解，对于搭建ES集群目前还没有写相关文章，读者可以自行google

1、在springboot项目的pom文件中添加elasticsearch的依赖

        
            org.elasticsearch
            elasticsearch
            7.0.0
        

        
            org.elasticsearch.client
            elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client
            7.0.0

2、实现员工信息的增删改查 （1）构建client

我的ES机器IP是192.168.254.131，读者可自行更换

RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200, "http")
                )
        );
client.close();

对于多个ip的情况，直接使用如下格式即可：

RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("IP", PORT, "http"),
                        new HttpHost("IP", PORT, "http")
                        ...
                )
        );
client.close();

（2）创建员工信息

我个人比较喜欢这种格式的实现：
还有基于json字符串和map的，读者可查看：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/...
格式如下

        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field(name, value);
            builder.field(name, value);
            builder.field(name, value);
            builder.field(name, value);
            builder.field(name, value);
            ...
        }
        builder.endObject();
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest(index).id(id).source(builder);
        IndexResponse indexResponse =  client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

示例：

        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field("name", "jack");
            builder.field("age", 27);
            builder.field("position", "technique");
            builder.field("country", "china");
            builder.field("join_date", "2017-01-01");
            builder.field("salary", 10000);
        }
        builder.endObject();
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("employee").id("1").source(builder);
        IndexResponse indexResponse =  client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

（3）根据ID获取员工信息

详细请查看：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/...
格式：

        GetRequest request = new GetRequest(index, id);
        GetResponse response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

示例：

        GetRequest request = new GetRequest("employee", "1");
        GetResponse response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

（4）修改员工信息

详细请查看：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/...
格式：

        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field(name, value);
        }
        builder.endObject();
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest(index, id).doc(builder);
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

示例：

        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field("position", "technique");
        }
        builder.endObject();
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("employee", "1").doc(builder);
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

（5）删除员工信息

详细请查看：
https://www.elastic.co/guide/...
格式：

        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest(index, id);
        DeleteResponse response = client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

示例：

        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("employee", "1");
        DeleteResponse response = client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

（6）测试员工信息的增删改查

完整测试代码：

    /**
     * 创建员工信息
     * @param client
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void createEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws Exception {
        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field("name", "jack");
            builder.field("age", 27);
            builder.field("position", "technique");
            builder.field("country", "china");
            builder.field("join_date", "2017-01-01");
            builder.field("salary", 10000);
        }
        builder.endObject();
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("employee").id("1").source(builder);
        IndexResponse indexResponse =  client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(indexResponse.getResult());
    }

    /**
     * 获取员工信息
     * @param client
     */
    private static void getEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest("employee", "1");
        GetResponse response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
    }

    /**
     * 修改员工信息
     * @param client
     */
    private static void updateEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field("position", "technique");
        }
        builder.endObject();
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("employee", "1").doc(builder);
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    }

    /**
     * 删除员工信息
     * @param client
     */
    private static void deleteEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("employee", "1");
        DeleteResponse response = client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    }

1、测试新增

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200, "http")
                )
        );
        createEmployee(client);
        client.close();
    }

结果：

CREATED

2、测试获取数据

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200, "http")
                )
        );

        getEmployee(client);
        client.close();
    }

结果：

{"name":"jack","age":27,"position":"technique manager","country":"china","join_date":"2017-01-01","salary":10000}

3、测试更新数据

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200, "http")
                )
        );

        getEmployee(client);
        updateEmployee(client);
        getEmployee(client)
        client.close();
    }

结果：

{"name":"jack","age":27,"position":"technique manager","country":"china","join_date":"2017-01-01","salary":10000}
UPDATE
{"name":"jack","age":27,"position":"technique","country":"china","join_date":"2017-01-01","salary":10000}

4、测试删除数据

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200, "http")
                )

        );
        getEmployee(client);
        deleteEmployee(client);
        getEmployee(client);
        client.close();
    }

结果：

{"name":"jack","age":27,"position":"technique","country":"china","join_date":"2017-01-01","salary":10000}
DELETED
null

3、对员工信息进行复杂的搜索操作

需求：
（1）搜索职位中包含technique的员工
（2）同时要求age在30到40岁之间
（3）分页查询，查找第一页
准备数据：

    private static void prepareData(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("1").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "jack")
                .field("age", 27)
                .field("position", "technique software")
                .field("country", "china")
                .field("join_date", "2017-01-01")
                .field("salary", 10000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("2").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "marry")
                .field("age", 35)
                .field("position", "technique manager")
                .field("country", "china")
                .field("join_date", "2017-01-01")
                .field("salary", 12000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("3").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "tom")
                .field("age", 32)
                .field("position", "senior technique software")
                .field("country", "china")
                .field("join_date", "2016-01-01")
                .field("salary", 11000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("4").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "jen")
                .field("age", 25)
                .field("position", "junior finance")
                .field("country", "usa")
                .field("join_date", "2016-01-01")
                .field("salary", 7000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("5").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "mike")
                .field("age", 37)
                .field("position", "finance manager")
                .field("country", "usa")
                .field("join_date", "2015-01-01")
                .field("salary", 15000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

    }

执行：

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200)
                )
        );
        prepareData(client);
        client.close();
    }

然后构建查询语句：

GET /employee/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "position": "technique"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "gte": 30,
            "lte": 40
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "from": 0,
  "size": 1
}
{
  "took" : 3,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 2,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.5598161,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "employee",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 0.5598161,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "marry",
          "age" : 35,
          "position" : "technique manager",
          "country" : "china",
          "join_date" : "2017-01-01",
          "salary" : 12000
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

代码：

    private static void executeSearch(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("position", "technique"));
        builder.postFilter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30).to(40));
        builder.from(0);
        builder.size(1);
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
        request.indices("employee");
        request.source(builder);
        SearchResponse response =  client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
    }

执行：

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200)
                )
        );
        executeSearch(client);
        client.close();
    }

结果：

{"name":"marry","age":35,"position":"technique manager","country":"china","join_date":"2017-01-01","salary":12000}

4、对员工信息进行聚合分析

需求：
（1）首先按照country国家来进行分组
（2）然后在每个country分组内，再按照入职年限进行分组
（3）最后计算每个分组内的平均薪资

GET /employee/_search
{
  "size": 0, 
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_country": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "country.keyword"
      },
      "aggs": {
        "group_by_join_date": {
          "date_histogram": {
            "field": "join_date",
            "interval": "year"
          },
          "aggs": {
            "avg_salary": {
              "avg": {
                "field": "salary"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

{
  "took" : 46,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 5,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : null,
    "hits" : [ ]
  },
  "aggregations" : {
    "group_by_country" : {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound" : 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count" : 0,
      "buckets" : [
        {
          "key" : "china",
          "doc_count" : 3,
          "group_by_join_date" : {
            "buckets" : [
              {
                "key_as_string" : "2016-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
                "key" : 1451606400000,
                "doc_count" : 1,
                "avg_salary" : {
                  "value" : 11000.0
                }
              },
              {
                "key_as_string" : "2017-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
                "key" : 1483228800000,
                "doc_count" : 2,
                "avg_salary" : {
                  "value" : 11000.0
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "key" : "usa",
          "doc_count" : 2,
          "group_by_join_date" : {
            "buckets" : [
              {
                "key_as_string" : "2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
                "key" : 1420070400000,
                "doc_count" : 1,
                "avg_salary" : {
                  "value" : 15000.0
                }
              },
              {
                "key_as_string" : "2016-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
                "key" : 1451606400000,
                "doc_count" : 1,
                "avg_salary" : {
                  "value" : 7000.0
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

执行：

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("192.168.254.131", 9200)
                )
        );
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        builder.aggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("group_by_country").field("country.keyword")
                            .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.dateHistogram("group_by_join_date").field("join_date")
                                            .dateHistogramInterval(DateHistogramInterval.YEAR)
                                            .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_salary").field("salary"))));
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
        request.indices("employee");
        request.source(builder);
        SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        Map aggregationMap = response.getAggregations().asMap();
        ParsedStringTerms group_by_country = (ParsedStringTerms)  aggregationMap.get("group_by_country");
        for (Terms.Bucket groupByCountryBucket : group_by_country.getBuckets()) {
            System.out.println(groupByCountryBucket.getKey() + ":" + groupByCountryBucket.getDocCount());

            Histogram groupByJoinDate = (Histogram) groupByCountryBucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("group_by_join_date");
            for (Histogram.Bucket groupByJoinDateBucket : groupByJoinDate.getBuckets()) {
                System.out.println(groupByJoinDateBucket.getKey() + ":" + groupByJoinDateBucket.getDocCount());

                Avg avg = (Avg) groupByJoinDateBucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("avg_salary");
                System.out.println(avg.getValue());
            }
        }
        client.close();
    }

结果：

china:3
2016-01-01T00:00Z:1
11000.0
2017-01-01T00:00Z:2
11000.0
usa:2
2015-01-01T00:00Z:1
15000.0
2016-01-01T00:00Z:1
7000.0

附上完整代码：

EmployeeCRUDApp.java

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

public class EmployeeCRUDApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200, "http")
                )

        );

        createEmployee(client);
        getEmployee(client);
        updateEmployee(client);
        getEmployee(client);
        deleteEmployee(client);
        getEmployee(client);
        client.close();
    }

    /**
     * 创建员工信息
     * @param client
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void createEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws Exception {
        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field("name", "jack");
            builder.field("age", 27);
            builder.field("position", "technique manager");
            builder.field("country", "china");
            builder.field("join_date", "2017-01-01");
            builder.field("salary", 10000);
        }
        builder.endObject();
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("employee").id("1").source(builder);
        IndexResponse indexResponse =  client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(indexResponse.getResult());
    }

    /**
     * 获取员工信息
     * @param client
     */
    private static void getEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest("employee", "1");
        GetResponse response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
    }

    /**
     * 修改员工信息
     * @param client
     */
    private static void updateEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        XContentBuilder builder = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
        builder.startObject();
        {
            builder.field("position", "technique");
        }
        builder.endObject();
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("employee", "1").doc(builder);
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    }

    /**
     * 删除员工信息
     * @param client
     */
    private static void deleteEmployee(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("employee", "1");
        DeleteResponse response = client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    }

}

EmployeeSearchApp.java

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 员工搜索应用程序
 */
public class EmployeeSearchApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200)
                )
        );
        prepareData(client);
        executeSearch(client);
        client.close();
    }

    /**
     * 执行搜索操作
     * @param client
     */
    private static void executeSearch(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("position", "technique"));
        builder.postFilter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(30).to(40));
        builder.from(0);
        builder.size(1);
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
        request.indices("employee");
        request.source(builder);
        SearchResponse response =  client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
            System.out.println(hit.getSourceAsString());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 准备数据
     * @param client
     */
    private static void prepareData(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("1").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "jack")
                .field("age", 27)
                .field("position", "technique software")
                .field("country", "china")
                .field("join_date", "2017-01-01")
                .field("salary", 10000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("2").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "marry")
                .field("age", 35)
                .field("position", "technique manager")
                .field("country", "china")
                .field("join_date", "2017-01-01")
                .field("salary", 12000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("3").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "tom")
                .field("age", 32)
                .field("position", "senior technique software")
                .field("country", "china")
                .field("join_date", "2016-01-01")
                .field("salary", 11000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("4").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "jen")
                .field("age", 25)
                .field("position", "junior finance")
                .field("country", "usa")
                .field("join_date", "2016-01-01")
                .field("salary", 7000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        client.index(new IndexRequest("employee").id("5").source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
                .startObject()
                .field("name", "mike")
                .field("age", 37)
                .field("position", "finance manager")
                .field("country", "usa")
                .field("join_date", "2015-01-01")
                .field("salary", 15000)
                .endObject()
        ), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

    }

}

EmployeeAggrApp.java

public class EmployeeAggrApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200)
                )
        );
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        builder.aggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("group_by_country").field("country.keyword")
                            .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.dateHistogram("group_by_join_date").field("join_date")
                                            .dateHistogramInterval(DateHistogramInterval.YEAR)
                                            .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_salary").field("salary"))));
        SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest();
        request.indices("employee");
        request.source(builder);
        SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        Map aggregationMap = response.getAggregations().asMap();
        ParsedStringTerms group_by_country = (ParsedStringTerms)  aggregationMap.get("group_by_country");
        for (Terms.Bucket groupByCountryBucket : group_by_country.getBuckets()) {
            System.out.println(groupByCountryBucket.getKey() + ":" + groupByCountryBucket.getDocCount());

            Histogram groupByJoinDate = (Histogram) groupByCountryBucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("group_by_join_date");
            for (Histogram.Bucket groupByJoinDateBucket : groupByJoinDate.getBuckets()) {
                System.out.println(groupByJoinDateBucket.getKey() + ":" + groupByJoinDateBucket.getDocCount());

                Avg avg = (Avg) groupByJoinDateBucket.getAggregations().asMap().get("avg_salary");
                System.out.println(avg.getValue());
            }
        }
        client.close();
    }
}

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