摘要：目前最新版本作为官方推荐模板引擎，而且支持纯浏览器展现模板表达式在脱离运行环境下不污染结构是时候了解一番了。当前数目，从开始。
Thymeleaf 目前最新版本3.0
Thymeleaf作为Spring-Boot官方推荐模板引擎，而且支持纯HTML浏览器展现(模板表达式在脱离运行环境下不污染html结构).是时候了解一番了。
与Spring集成
org.thymeleaf thymeleaf-spring4 3.0.0.RELEASE
与Spring-Boot集成：
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf
在Spring中进行配置：
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.thymeleafexamples")
public class ThymeleafConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter implements ApplicationContextAware {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
ThymeleafViewResolver resolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
resolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine());
resolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
return resolver;
}
@Bean
public TemplateEngine templateEngine() {
SpringTemplateEngine engine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
engine.setEnableSpringELCompiler(true);
engine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver());
return engine;
}
private ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
SpringResourceTemplateResolver resolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
resolver.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);
resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
resolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return resolver;
}
}
在Spring-Boot中只需如下配置：
#thymeleaf start spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5 spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8 spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html #开发时关闭缓存,不然没法看到实时页面 spring.thymeleaf.cache=false #thymeleaf end
具体可以配置的参数可以查看 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafProperties这个类,上面的配置实际上就是注入到该类中的属性值.
基本语法
hello
3333
表达式
Variable Expressions: ${...}
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}
Message Expressions: #{...}
Link URL Expressions: @{...}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}
字符串操作:
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
条件操作：
If-then: (if) ? (then)
If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
No-Operation: _
如："User is of type " + (${user.isAdmin()} ? "Administrator" : (${user.type} ?: "Unknown"))
1、获取变量值
3333
可以看出获取变量值用$符号,对于javaBean的话使用变量名.属性名方式获取,这点和EL表达式一样.另外$表达式只能写在th标签内部,不然不会生效
#{}是国际化支持取值的符号
注意:th:text与th:utext的区别，输出中文时应该使用th:utext
${..}实际语法是:OGNL(非web),SpEL(web) ,支持的内置变量
便捷部分
${x} will return a variable x stored into the Thymeleaf context or as a request attribute.
${param.x} will return a request parameter called x (which might be multivalued).
${session.x} will return a session attribute called x.
${application.x} will return a servlet context attribute called x.
基本的
#ctx: the context object. #vars: the context variables. #locale: the context locale. #request: (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. #response: (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object. #session: (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object. #servletContext: (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
工具对象
#execInfo: information about the template being processed.
#messages: methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris: methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions: methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates: methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars: analogous to #dates, but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers: methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings: methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects: methods for objects in general.
#bools: methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays: methods for arrays.
#lists: methods for lists.
#sets: methods for sets.
#maps: methods for maps.
#aggregates: methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids: methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
工具对象的使用方式见：http://www.thymeleaf.org/doc/...， 以下仅仅举几个例子
${#dates.format(date, "dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm")}
${#dates.arrayFormat(datesArray, "dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm")}
${#dates.listFormat(datesList, "dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm")}
${#dates.setFormat(datesSet, "dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm")}
${#dates.createNow()}
${#dates.createToday()} //time set to 00:00
${#strings.isEmpty(name)} //Check whether a String is empty (or null)
${#strings.arrayIsEmpty(nameArr)}
${#strings.listIsEmpty(nameList)}
${#strings.setIsEmpty(nameSet)}
${#strings.startsWith(name,"Don")} // also array*, list* and set*
${#strings.endsWith(name,endingFragment)} // also array*, list* and set*
${#strings.length(str)}
${#strings.equals(str)}
${#strings.equalsIgnoreCase(str)}
${#strings.concat(str)}
${#strings.concatReplaceNulls(str)}
用*{...} 选择对象里的变量，如
字面量//等价于Name: Sebastian.
Surname: Pepper.
Nationality: Saturn.
Name: Sebastian.
Surname: Pepper.
Nationality: Saturn.
Text literals: "one text", "Another one!",…
Number literals: 0, 34, 3.0, 12.3,…
Boolean literals: true, false
Null literal: null
字符串一般需要包围在"单引号内，但也有几种变通方式
...//Which is equivalent to:
定义模板本地变量
The name of the first person is Julius Caesar.
The name of the first person is Julius Caesar.
But the name of the second person is Marcus Antonius.
2.引入URL
Thymeleaf对于URL的处理是通过语法@{…}来处理的
绝对路径 相对路径 Content路径,默认访问static下的css文件夹
类似的标签有:th:href和th:src
view view view view view
Server root relative URLs
An additional syntax can be used to create server-root-relative (instead of context-root-relative) URLs in order to link to different contexts in the same server. These URLs will be specified like @{~/path/to/something}
3、运算符
在表达式中可以使用各类算术运算符，例如+, -, *, /, %
th:with="isEven=(${prodStat.count} % 2 == 0)"
逻辑运算符>, <, >=, <=，==,!= (gt, lt, ge, le,eq,ne)都可以使用，唯一需要注意的是使用<,>时需要用它的HTML转义符：
th:if="${prodStat.count} > 1"
th:text=""Execution mode is " + ( (${execMode} == "dev")? "Development" : "Production")"
布尔运算符: and or not/!
4.条件
if/unless
Thymeleaf中使用th:if和th:unless属性进行条件判断，标签只有在th:if中条件成立时才显示,th:unless于th:if恰好相反，只有表达式中的条件不成立，才会显示其内容。
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Switch
Thymeleaf同样支持多路选择Switch结构,默认属性default可以用*表示:
