摘要:同时利用来存储当前结果值所在的起始下标。然而,一旦出现重复值后,例如输入的为,则无法判断当前重复值是否应当在结果集中。如果中的元素都被清空,则代表该子数组符合要求,即将起始下标添加进入结果集。利用左右指针来限定最小子数组的范围,即窗口大小。
题目要求
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in words exactly once and without any intervening characters. For example, given: s: "barfoothefoobarman" words: ["foo", "bar"] You should return the indices: [0,9]. (order does not matter).
输入一个字符串s和一个字符串数组words,其中words中的每个word的长度都相等。在字符串中找到所有子字符串的起始下标,只要该子字符串满足words中所有单词的连接结果(顺序无关)
思路一:map中存储word和对应的下标(无法解决重复问题)在思路一中,我利用HashMap
代码如下:
public List思路二 :map中存储word和重复数量findSubstring(String s, String[] words) { List result = new ArrayList (); if(words.length == 0){ return result; } int wordLength = words[0].length(); int allWordsLength = words.length; Map wordMap = new HashMap (); for(int j = 0 ; j =start){ start = key + wordLength; //长度等于所有长度 }else if(i-start == wordLength*(allWordsLength-1)){ result.add(start); start+=wordLength; } wordMap.replace(current, i); i+=wordLength; continue; } i++; start = i; } return result; }
既然words中会有重复值,就想到利用map中来存储word和其数量来判断当前下标下的子数组中是否包含了map中所有的元素。如果map中的元素都被清空,则代表该子数组符合要求,即将起始下标添加进入结果集。
该方法有一个缺陷在于,每一次移动起始下标,都要重新初始化一个map的副本。而在很多情况下,该副本可能根本就没有发生改变。这样的内存利用率太低了,影响程序的效率。
public ListfindSubstring2(String s, String[] words) { List result = new ArrayList (); if(words.length == 0){ return result; } int wordLength = words[0].length(); int allWordsLength = words.length; Map wordMap = new HashMap (); for(int j = 0 ; j copy = new HashMap (wordMap); for(int i=start ; i 思路三 :minimum-window-substring 该思路是我借鉴了一个solution中的回答。minimum-window-substring是指,在寻找到所有元素都被包含进去的最小子数组中,判断是否满足目标要求。利用左右指针来限定最小子数组的范围,即窗口大小。同时左右指针每次都按照固定长度右移,以便寻找到下一个最小子数组。具体情况请参考代码中的注释。
public ListfindSubstring3(String s, String[] words) { //N为字符串长度 int N = s.length(); //结果集,长度必定不超过字符串长度 List indexes = new ArrayList (s.length()); if (words.length == 0) { return indexes; } //M为单个单词的长度 int M = words[0].length(); //如果所有单词连接之后的长度超过字符串长度,则返回空结果集 if (N < M * words.length) { return indexes; } //last 字符串中最后一个可以作为单词起始点的下标 int last = N - M + 1; //map存储word和其在table[0]中对应的下标 Map mapping = new HashMap (words.length); //table[0]存储每个word出现的真实次数,table[1]存储每个word目前为止出现的统计次数 int [][] table = new int[2][words.length]; //failures存储words中不重复值的总数,例如["good","bad","good","bad"],failures=2 int failures = 0, index = 0; for (int i = 0; i < words.length; ++i) { Integer mapped = mapping.get(words[i]); if (mapped == null) { ++failures; mapping.put(words[i], index); mapped = index++; } ++table[0][mapped]; } //遍历字符串s,判断字符串当前下标后是否存在words中的单词,如果存在,则填入table中的下标,不存在则为-1 int [] smapping = new int[last]; for (int i = 0; i < last; ++i) { String section = s.substring(i, i + M); Integer mapped = mapping.get(section); if (mapped == null) { smapping[i] = -1; } else { smapping[i] = mapped; } } //fix the number of linear scans for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) { //reset scan variables int currentFailures = failures; //number of current mismatches int left = i, right = i; Arrays.fill(table[1], 0); //here, simple solve the minimum-window-substring problem //保证右节点不超出边界 while (right < last) { //保证左右节点之间的子字符串能够包含所有的word值 while (currentFailures > 0 && right < last) { int target = smapping[right]; if (target != -1 && ++table[1][target] == table[0][target]) { --currentFailures; } right += M; } while (currentFailures == 0 && left < right) { int target = smapping[left]; if (target != -1 && --table[1][target] == table[0][target] - 1) { int length = right - left; //instead of checking every window, we know exactly the length we want if ((length / M) == words.length) { indexes.add(left); } ++currentFailures; } left += M; } } } return indexes; }
想要了解更多开发技术,面试教程以及互联网公司内推,欢迎关注我的微信公众号!将会不定期的发放福利哦~
文章版权归作者所有,未经允许请勿转载,若此文章存在违规行为,您可以联系管理员删除。
转载请注明本文地址:https://www.ucloud.cn/yun/67108.html
摘要:每次搜索中,我们通过哈希表维护一个窗口,比如中,我们先拿出。如果都不在数组中,那说明根本不能拼进去,则哈希表全部清零,从下一个词开始重新匹配。 Substring with Concatenation of All Words You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same...
摘要:使用而不是因为我们需要的是最值,中间值我们不在乎,所以一次收敛到最小。下面来三个需要查重并且记录上次出现的位置,选择以为例,走到用做检查,发现出现过,把移到的下一个。是上个题目的简易版,或者特殊版。 这里聊一聊解一类问题,就是满足某一条件的substring最值问题。最开始我们以Minimum Window Substring为例,并整理总结leetcode里所有类似题目的通解。 Gi...
Problem Given a list of unique words, find all pairs of distinct indices (i, j) in the given list, so that the concatenation of the two words, i.e. words[i] + words[j] is a palindrome. Example 1: Inpu...
Problem Given a list of strings words representing an English Dictionary, find the longest word in words that can be built one character at a time by other words in words. If there is more than one po...
摘要:解题思路,就是只顺序不同但个数相同的字符串,那我们就可以利用的思想来比较每个字符串中字符出现的个数是否相等。 Find All Anagrams in a StringGiven a string s and a non-empty string p, find all the start indices of ps anagrams in s. Strings consists of...
阅读 2627·2021-10-12 10:12
阅读 2217·2021-09-02 15:41
阅读 2490·2019-08-30 15:55
阅读 1331·2019-08-30 13:05
阅读 2365·2019-08-29 11:21
阅读 3459·2019-08-28 17:53
阅读 2999·2019-08-26 13:39
阅读 737·2019-08-26 11:50