摘要:分别为音频视频和字母进行相关处理。向下跟踪两层,会发现,核心函数是。至此解码算完了。整个过程真是粗略分析啊,对自己也很抱歉,暂时先这样吧。
上文中说到在read_thread线程中有个关键函数:avformat_open_input(utils.c),应当是读取视频文件的,这个函数属于ffmpeg层。这回进入到其中去看下:
int avformat_open_input(AVFormatContext **ps, const char *filename, AVInputFormat *fmt, AVDictionary **options) { ...... if ((ret = init_input(s, filename, &tmp)) < 0) goto fail; s->probe_score = ret; if (!s->protocol_whitelist && s->pb && s->pb->protocol_whitelist) { s->protocol_whitelist = av_strdup(s->pb->protocol_whitelist); if (!s->protocol_whitelist) { ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM); goto fail; } } if (!s->protocol_blacklist && s->pb && s->pb->protocol_blacklist) { s->protocol_blacklist = av_strdup(s->pb->protocol_blacklist); if (!s->protocol_blacklist) { ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM); goto fail; } } if (s->format_whitelist && av_match_list(s->iformat->name, s->format_whitelist, ",") <= 0) { av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Format not on whitelist "%s" ", s->format_whitelist); ret = AVERROR(EINVAL); goto fail; } ...... }
init_input这个函数的注释是:Open input file and probe the format if necessary.打开文件判断格式。进入到这个函数中观察,代码不多,关键点av_probe_input_buffer2,ffmpeg里的格式分析函数。里面会调用avio_read,读取文件。进入到avio_read函数内部,看到主要是循环读取packet,从AVIOContext的队列中读取,通过AVIOContext中的函数指针read_packet来进行。
下面退回到read_thread函数中,看看对h264的视频流如何处理的。
static int read_thread(void *arg) { ...... for (i = 0; i < ic->nb_streams; i++) { AVStream *st = ic->streams[i]; enum AVMediaType type = st->codecpar->codec_type; st->discard = AVDISCARD_ALL; if (type >= 0 && ffp->wanted_stream_spec[type] && st_index[type] == -1) if (avformat_match_stream_specifier(ic, st, ffp->wanted_stream_spec[type]) > 0) st_index[type] = i; // choose first h264 if (type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) { enum AVCodecID codec_id = st->codecpar->codec_id; video_stream_count++; if (codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) { h264_stream_count++; if (first_h264_stream < 0) first_h264_stream = i; } } } ...... }
循环读取stream,然后判断是h264后记录下来。继续往下看又到了上文提到的stream_component_open函数,这回进入看看:
static int stream_component_open(FFPlayer *ffp, int stream_index) { ...... codec = avcodec_find_decoder(avctx->codec_id); ...... switch (avctx->codec_type) { case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO: if ((ret = decoder_start(&is->auddec, audio_thread, ffp, "ff_audio_dec")) < 0) goto out; ...... case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO: if ((ret = decoder_start(&is->viddec, video_thread, ffp, "ff_video_dec")) < 0) goto out; ...... case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE: ...... }
这是个很长的函数,我看起来是分为2部分,前半部分是寻找解码器,后半部分的switch case是开始进行解码。分别为音频、视频和字母进行相关处理。decoder_start是个关键函数,开始进行解码处理。进入这个函数内部看:
static int decoder_start(Decoder *d, int (*fn)(void *), void *arg, const char *name) { packet_queue_start(d->queue); d->decoder_tid = SDL_CreateThreadEx(&d->_decoder_tid, fn, arg, name); if (!d->decoder_tid) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "SDL_CreateThread(): %s ", SDL_GetError()); return AVERROR(ENOMEM); } return 0; }
很短,不是吗,但是启动了线程。根据参数传递得知就是上面传递进来的video_thread和audio_thread是关键线程函数。看到这里可以了解,解码过程是完全异步的,那么再去看看关键的线程函数吧。
static int video_thread(void *arg) { FFPlayer *ffp = (FFPlayer *)arg; int ret = 0; if (ffp->node_vdec) { ret = ffpipenode_run_sync(ffp->node_vdec); } return ret; }
很短,先看参数,从上面的可得知,是FFPlayer类型,从read_thread函数中就传递进来的一个结构,可以说是播放器的结构,播放所需要的所有内容这里几乎都有了。继续看关键函数ffpipenode_run_sync。向下跟踪两层,会发现,核心函数是ffplay_video_thread。这个函数内部看起来挺麻烦,进入看看吧:
static int ffplay_video_thread(void *arg) { ...... for (;;) { ret = get_video_frame(ffp, frame); ...... ret = av_buffersrc_add_frame(filt_in, frame); if (ret < 0) goto the_end; while (ret >= 0) { is->frame_last_returned_time = av_gettime_relative() / 1000000.0; ret = av_buffersink_get_frame_flags(filt_out, frame, 0); if (ret < 0) { if (ret == AVERROR_EOF) is->viddec.finished = is->viddec.pkt_serial; ret = 0; break; } is->frame_last_filter_delay = av_gettime_relative() / 1000000.0 - is->frame_last_returned_time; if (fabs(is->frame_last_filter_delay) > AV_NOSYNC_THRESHOLD / 10.0) is->frame_last_filter_delay = 0; tb = filt_out->inputs[0]->time_base; #endif duration = (frame_rate.num && frame_rate.den ? av_q2d((AVRational){frame_rate.den, frame_rate.num}) : 0); pts = (frame->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) ? NAN : frame->pts * av_q2d(tb); ret = queue_picture(ffp, frame, pts, duration, av_frame_get_pkt_pos(frame), is->viddec.pkt_serial); av_frame_unref(frame); #if CONFIG_AVFILTER } #endif } }
关键点首先是get_video_frame,然后是av_buffersrc_add_frame和后面的while循环部分里的queue_picture。那么不得不进入到get_video_frame中看下:
static int get_video_frame(FFPlayer *ffp, AVFrame *frame) { VideoState *is = ffp->is; int got_picture; ffp_video_statistic_l(ffp); if ((got_picture = decoder_decode_frame(ffp, &is->viddec, frame, NULL)) < 0) return -1; if (got_picture) { double dpts = NAN; if (frame->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) dpts = av_q2d(is->video_st->time_base) * frame->pts; frame->sample_aspect_ratio = av_guess_sample_aspect_ratio(is->ic, is->video_st, frame); if (ffp->framedrop>0 || (ffp->framedrop && get_master_sync_type(is) != AV_SYNC_VIDEO_MASTER)) { if (frame->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) { double diff = dpts - get_master_clock(is); if (!isnan(diff) && fabs(diff) < AV_NOSYNC_THRESHOLD && diff - is->frame_last_filter_delay < 0 && is->viddec.pkt_serial == is->vidclk.serial && is->videoq.nb_packets) { is->frame_drops_early++; is->continuous_frame_drops_early++; if (is->continuous_frame_drops_early > ffp->framedrop) { is->continuous_frame_drops_early = 0; } else { av_frame_unref(frame); got_picture = 0; } } } } } return got_picture; }
关键点只有一个就是decoder_decode_frame,好吧,继续往下看,层级有点多了哈:
static int decoder_decode_frame(FFPlayer *ffp, Decoder *d, AVFrame *frame, AVSubtitle *sub) { int got_frame = 0; do { int ret = -1; if (d->queue->abort_request) return -1; if (!d->packet_pending || d->queue->serial != d->pkt_serial) { AVPacket pkt; do { if (d->queue->nb_packets == 0) SDL_CondSignal(d->empty_queue_cond); if (packet_queue_get_or_buffering(ffp, d->queue, &pkt, &d->pkt_serial, &d->finished) < 0) return -1; if (pkt.data == flush_pkt.data) { avcodec_flush_buffers(d->avctx); d->finished = 0; d->next_pts = d->start_pts; d->next_pts_tb = d->start_pts_tb; } } while (pkt.data == flush_pkt.data || d->queue->serial != d->pkt_serial); av_packet_unref(&d->pkt); d->pkt_temp = d->pkt = pkt; d->packet_pending = 1; } switch (d->avctx->codec_type) { case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO: { ret = avcodec_decode_video2(d->avctx, frame, &got_frame, &d->pkt_temp); if (got_frame) { ffp->stat.vdps = SDL_SpeedSamplerAdd(&ffp->vdps_sampler, FFP_SHOW_VDPS_AVCODEC, "vdps[avcodec]"); if (ffp->decoder_reorder_pts == -1) { frame->pts = av_frame_get_best_effort_timestamp(frame); } else if (!ffp->decoder_reorder_pts) { frame->pts = frame->pkt_dts; } } } break; case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO: ret = avcodec_decode_audio4(d->avctx, frame, &got_frame, &d->pkt_temp); if (got_frame) { AVRational tb = (AVRational){1, frame->sample_rate}; if (frame->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) frame->pts = av_rescale_q(frame->pts, av_codec_get_pkt_timebase(d->avctx), tb); else if (d->next_pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) frame->pts = av_rescale_q(d->next_pts, d->next_pts_tb, tb); if (frame->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) { d->next_pts = frame->pts + frame->nb_samples; d->next_pts_tb = tb; } } break; case AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE: ret = avcodec_decode_subtitle2(d->avctx, sub, &got_frame, &d->pkt_temp); break; default: break; } if (ret < 0) { d->packet_pending = 0; } else { d->pkt_temp.dts = d->pkt_temp.pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE; if (d->pkt_temp.data) { if (d->avctx->codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) ret = d->pkt_temp.size; d->pkt_temp.data += ret; d->pkt_temp.size -= ret; if (d->pkt_temp.size <= 0) d->packet_pending = 0; } else { if (!got_frame) { d->packet_pending = 0; d->finished = d->pkt_serial; } } } } while (!got_frame && !d->finished); return got_frame; }
packet_queue_get_or_buffering从解码前的队列中读取一帧的数据,然后调用avcodec_decode_video2。不能进去看了,没完了,总之是读取一帧。往回倒,回到ffplay_video_thread里,下面就是queue_picture,将一帧解码后的图像放入解码后队列。
至此解码算完了。整个过程真是粗略分析啊,对自己也很抱歉,暂时先这样吧。后面有空继续就某个点深入进行。
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