摘要:注意因为堆中是链表节点,我们在初始化堆时还要新建一个的类。代码初始化大小为的堆拿出堆顶元素将堆顶元素的下一个加入堆中
Merge Two Sorted Lists 最新更新请见:https://yanjia.me/zh/2019/01/...
Merge two sorted linked lists and return it as a new list. The new list should be made by splicing together the nodes of the first two lists.依次拼接 复杂度
时间 O(N) 空间 O(1)
思路该题就是简单的把两个链表的节点拼接起来,我们可以用一个Dummy头,将比较过后的节点接在这个Dummy头之后。最后如果有没比较完的,说明另一个list的值全比这个list剩下的小,而且拼完了,所以可以把剩下的直接全部接上去。
代码public class Solution { public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) { // 创建一个dummy头,从后面开始接 ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0); ListNode curr = dummy; // 依次比较拼接 while(l1 != null && l2 != null){ if(l1.val <= l2.val){ curr.next = l1; l1 = l1.next; } else { curr.next = l2; l2 = l2.next; } curr = curr.next; } // 把剩余的全拼上去 if(l1 == null){ curr.next = l2; } else if (l2 == null){ curr.next = l1; } return dummy.next; } }Merge k Sorted Lists
最新解法请见:https://yanjia.me/zh/2019/01/...
优先队列 复杂度Merge k sorted linked lists and return it as one sorted list. Analyze and describe its complexity.
Example:Input: [ 1->4->5, 1->3->4, 2->6 ] Output: 1->1->2->3->4->4->5->6
时间 O(NlogK) 空间 O(K)
思路当我们归并k个列表时,最简单的方法就是,对于每次插入,我们遍历这K个列表的最前面的元素,找出K个中最小的再加入到结果中。不过如果我们用一个优先队列(堆),将这K个元素加入再找堆顶元素,每次插入只要logK的复杂度。当拿出堆顶元素后,我们再将它所在链表的下一个元素拿出来,放到堆中。这样直到所有链表都被拿完,归并也就完成了。
注意因为堆中是链表节点,我们在初始化堆时还要新建一个Comparator的类。
代码Java
public class Solution { public ListNode mergeKLists(ListNode[] lists) { if(lists.length == 0) return null; ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0); PriorityQueueq = new PriorityQueue (11, new Comparator (){ public int compare(ListNode n1, ListNode n2){ return n1.val - n2.val; } }); // 初始化大小为k的堆 for(int i = 0; i < lists.length; i++){ if(lists[i] != null) q.offer(lists[i]); } ListNode curr = dummy; while(!q.isEmpty()){ // 拿出堆顶元素 curr.next = q.poll(); curr = curr.next; // 将堆顶元素的下一个加入堆中 if(curr.next != null){ q.offer(curr.next); } } return dummy.next; } }
Python
class HeapItem: def __init__(self, node): self.node = node self.val = node.val def __lt__(self, other): return self.val < other.val class Solution: def mergeKLists(self, lists): """ :type lists: List[ListNode] :rtype: ListNode """ heap = [] for node in lists: if node is not None: heap.append(HeapItem(node)) heapify(heap) dummy = ListNode(0) head = dummy while len(heap) != 0: item = heappop(heap) node = item.node head.next = node head = head.next if node.next is not None: heappush(heap, HeapItem(node.next)) return dummy.next
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