Vue+thinkJs博客网站（一）之vue多页面应用的webpack3配置

摘要：首先看下的代码编译前删除之前编译生成的静态资源首先需要改的是入口文件，因为是多页面应用，需要多个入口文件来保证打包成不同的。

一.项目简介

    本项目使用vue作为前端框架，thinkJs作为后端框架，构建个人博客网站，页面分为博客展示和后台管理，主要目的是学习使用thinkJs。现在只完成了主要的博客增删改功能，发现webpack的配置遇到了一些坑，这里先记录下。项目目录结构如下：

其中system文件夹是前端vue项目的代码，博客展示页面与后台管理页面都在这里，打包成两个页面，具体webpack配置是本文重点。项目地址在这

二.搭建过程

安装nodejs后，首先安装thinkjs

npm install -g think-cli;
thinkjs new self_blog;
npm install;
npm start;

这样thinkJs项目初步搭建完成了，接下来创建vue项目。项目根目录下新建文件夹system。

npm install -g vue-cli
vue init webpack self_blog
cd self_blog
npm install
npm run dev

这样vue项目初步搭建完毕，接下来讲下这里vue的具体webpack配置。

三.webpack配置

项目前端页面分为博客的展示和后台管理，这里的思路是将sytem的src下面放后台管理页面，在sytem下新建blog文件夹，放前台展示页面，打包时生成两个html，实现webpack打包多页面应用。目录如下：

1.webpack.base.conf.js的配置

使用vue-cli创建项目，npm run dev运行开发环境，会使用webpack-dev-server作为前端服务器，从而实现热加载。这样打包的文件只会在内存里，这里我的思路是直接生成到thinkJs项目的view目录下，通过服务端的路由返回给前端。这样只用启动后端的服务就行了，因为文件已经打包到服务端，前端也不存在跨域访问后端的问题了。所以这里就不需要配置devServer了，而是改变html与js等静态资源的生成目录。首先看下webpack.base.conf.js的代码：

"use strict";
const path = require("path");
const utils = require("./utils");
const config = require("../config");
const vueLoaderConfig = require("./vue-loader.conf");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
const cleanWebpackPlugin = require("clean-webpack-plugin");
const AssetsPlugin = require("assets-webpack-plugin");
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}

module.exports = {
  context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../"),
  entry: {
    app: "./src/main.js",
    blog: "./blog/index.js"
  },
  output: {
    path: config.build.assetsRoot,
    filename: "[name].js",
    publicPath:
      process.env.NODE_ENV === "production"
        ? config.build.assetsPublicPath
        : config.dev.assetsPublicPath
  },
  resolve: {
    extensions: [".js", ".vue", ".json"],
    alias: {
      vue$: "vue/dist/vue.esm.js",
      "@": resolve("src")
    }
  },
  externals: {
    vue: "Vue",
    "vue-router": "VueRouter",
    echarts: "echarts",
    ElementUI: "element-ui"
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /.vue$/,
        loader: "vue-loader",
        options: vueLoaderConfig
      },
      {
        test: /.js$/,
        loader: "babel-loader",
        include: [
          resolve("src"),
          resolve("test"),
          resolve("node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client")
        ]
      },
      {
        test: /.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(?.*)?$/,
        loader: "url-loader",
        exclude: [resolve("src/icons")],
        options: {
          limit: 10000,
          name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")
        }
      },
      {
        test: /.svg$/,
        loader: "svg-sprite-loader",
        include: [resolve("src")],
        options: {
          symbolId: "icon-[name]"
        }
      },
      {
        test: /.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(?.*)?$/,
        loader: "url-loader",
        options: {
          limit: 10000,
          name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")
        }
      },
      {
        test: /.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(?.*)?$/,
        loader: "url-loader",
        options: {
          limit: 10000,
          name: utils.assetsPath(baseFileName + "/fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]")
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  plugins: [
    new AssetsPlugin({
      filename: "build/webpack.assets.js",
      processOutput: function(assets) {
        return "window.WEBPACK_ASSETS=" + JSON.stringify(assets);
      }
    }),
    new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
      name: "vendor",
      minChunks: function(module) {
        return (
          module.resource &&
          /.js$/.test(module.resource) &&
          module.resource.indexOf(path.join(__dirname, "../node_modules")) === 0
        );
      }
    }),
    new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
      name: "manifest",
      minChunks: Infinity
    }),
    new ExtractTextPlugin({
      filename: utils.assetsPath(
        baseFileName + "/css/[name].[contenthash].css"
      ),
      allChunks: true
    }),
    // 编译前删除之前编译生成的静态资源
    new cleanWebpackPlugin(["www/static/self_blog", "view/blog"], {
      root: resolve("../")
    })
  ],
  node: {
    setImmediate: false,
    dgram: "empty",
    fs: "empty",
    net: "empty",
    tls: "empty",
    child_process: "empty"
  }
};

首先需要改的是入口文件，因为是多页面应用，需要多个入口文件来保证打包成不同的chunk。我们知道正常vue-cli创建的但页面应用，会打包成三个chunk，分别是vendor.js（第三方依赖），manifest.js（异步加载的实现），app.js（业务代码）。这里新增一个入口文件，打包时就会生成名为blog.js的chunk，含有前台展示页面的js业务代码。

这里新增使用的clean-webpack-plugin，是为了每次编译后，删除之前生成的js，css等静态资源，否则因为这些资源不重名，就会一直堆在你生成的目录下。

此外一些第三方依赖，vue,elementUI什么的，我使用了cdn引入，这样打包时这些依赖不会打进去，进而减小的vendor.js的体积。具体做法就是配置里的externals定义这些依赖，然后在生成html的模板里用script标签直接引入cdn里的js。

注意一下，如果你开发时想用vue-devtool，需要引入vue.js，如果不用就引入vue.min.js。

2.webpack.dev.conf.js的配置

先看下代码：

"use strict";
const utils = require("./utils");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const config = require("../config");
const merge = require("webpack-merge");
const path = require("path");
const baseWebpackConfig = require("./webpack.base.conf");
const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const FriendlyErrorsPlugin = require("friendly-errors-webpack-plugin");
const portfinder = require("portfinder");

const HOST = process.env.HOST;
const PORT = process.env.PORT && Number(process.env.PORT);
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}
const devWebpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
  module: {
    rules: utils.styleLoaders({
      sourceMap: config.dev.cssSourceMap,
      extract: true,
      usePostCSS: true
    })
  },
  // cheap-module-eval-source-map is faster for development
  devtool: config.dev.devtool,
  output: {
    path: resolve(config.dev.assetsRoot),
    filename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[hash:5].js",
    chunkFilename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[id:5].js"
  },

  plugins: [
    new webpack.DefinePlugin({
      "process.env": require("../config/dev.env")
    }),
    // new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),
    new webpack.NamedModulesPlugin(), // HMR shows correct file names in console on update.
    new webpack.NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin(),
    // https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-plugin
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/index_index.html`),
      template: "./view/index.html",
      title: "博客管理系统",
      favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "app"]
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/blog_index.html`),
      template: "./view/blog.html",
      title: "博客展示",
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "blog"]
    }),
    // copy custom static assets
    new CopyWebpackPlugin([
      {
        from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../static"),
        to: config.dev.assetsSubDirectory,
        ignore: [".*"]
      }
    ])
  ]
});
module.exports = devWebpackConfig;

这里我删掉了之前默认配置的devSever，以及module.exports直接导出devWebpackConfig。此外，因为打包生成目录的变化，我修改了output里面的path,filename,chunkFilename。使他们生成到self_blog根目录的www/static下面，这也是thinkJs静态资源的默认目录。需要注意下，filename指的是你的出口文件（app），以及通过codespliting生成的js（vendor,manifest）的文件名；chunkFilename定义的是一些懒加载组件打包后的js文件名。

下面需要添加的就是html-webpack-plugin，因为需要打包成两个html，所以使用两次这个插件。除了定义生成文件名（filename），html模板（template）等，还需要定义你这个html需要的chunk，这是跟单页面配置的一个区别。

除此之外，如果你想要开发环境打包时就分离出css，那么在使用utils.styleLoaders时，将extract置为true。因为这里的方法判断是开发环境才使用extract-text-plugin抽离css。

3.webpack.prod.conf.js的配置

prod的配置与dev差不多，生成文件目录也没变，只不过多了一些js,css压缩插件。

"use strict";
const path = require("path");
const utils = require("./utils");
const webpack = require("webpack");
const config = require("../config");
const merge = require("webpack-merge");
const baseWebpackConfig = require("./webpack.base.conf");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");
const OptimizeCSSPlugin = require("optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin");
const UglifyJsPlugin = require("uglifyjs-webpack-plugin");
const baseFileName = require("../package.json").name;
const env = require("../config/prod.env");
function resolve(dir) {
  return path.join(__dirname, "..", dir);
}
const webpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
  entry: {
    app: "./entry/entry-client-index",
    blog: "./entry/entry-client-blog"
  },
  module: {
    rules: utils.styleLoaders({
      sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,
      extract: true,
      usePostCSS: true
    })
  },
  devtool: config.build.productionSourceMap ? config.build.devtool : false,
  output: {
    path: resolve(config.dev.assetsRoot),
    filename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[chunkhash:5].js",
    chunkFilename: "static/" + baseFileName + "/js/[name]-[chunkhash:5].js"
  },
  plugins: [
    new webpack.DefinePlugin({
      "process.env": require("../config/prod.env"),
      "process.env.VUE_ENV": ""client""
    }),
    new UglifyJsPlugin({
      uglifyOptions: {
        compress: {
          warnings: false
        }
      },
      sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,
      parallel: true
    }),
    new webpack.optimize.OccurrenceOrderPlugin(),
    new webpack.LoaderOptionsPlugin({
      minimize: true
    }),
    // extract css into its own file
    new ExtractTextPlugin({
      filename: utils.assetsPath(
        baseFileName + "/css/[name].[contenthash].css"
      ),
      allChunks: true
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      minify: {},
      chunksSortMode: "dependency",
      environment: process.env.NODE_ENV,
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/index_index.html`),
      template: "./view/index.html",
      title: "博客管理系统",
      favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "app"]
    }),
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
      filename: resolve(`../view/blog/blog_index.html`),
      template: "./view/blog.html",
      title: "博客展示",
      favicon: resolve("favicon.ico"),
      inject: true,
      chunks: ["manifest", "vendor", "blog"]
    }),
    // Compress extracted CSS. We are using this plugin so that possible
    // duplicated CSS from different components can be deduped.
    new OptimizeCSSPlugin({
      cssProcessorOptions: config.build.productionSourceMap
        ? { safe: true, map: { inline: false } }
        : { safe: true }
    }),
   
  ]
});

if (config.build.productionGzip) {
  const CompressionWebpackPlugin = require("compression-webpack-plugin");

  webpackConfig.plugins.push(
    new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
      asset: "[path].gz[query]",
      algorithm: "gzip",
      test: new RegExp(
        ".(" + config.build.productionGzipExtensions.join("|") + ")$"
      ),
      threshold: 10240,
      minRatio: 0.8
    })
  );
}

if (config.build.bundleAnalyzerReport) {
  const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require("webpack-bundle-analyzer")
    .BundleAnalyzerPlugin;
  webpackConfig.plugins.push(new BundleAnalyzerPlugin());
}

module.exports = webpackConfig;

四.总结

具体可以看github上的代码

本次项目主要目的是练习thinkJs，这里先把前期webpack配置方面的东西简单说下，下一篇将会仔细讲下thinkJs的使用方法和特性。项目会继续更新，不少东西还没做完呢。