解决树莓派下载django的TypeError:..... Retry and int 问题

摘要：没报错但依然无法安装使用再次安装无果感谢大神的分享我才发觉这是一个新手的通用问题树莓派自带的系统附带了一个来自前寒武纪的版本，如果您不想花费数小时来调试与相关的问题，那么就必须升级它。

诸位, 不好意思哈, 请允许我把完整的标题写完(标题不能超过64个有效字符):

进日, 玩起了树莓派3B+, 对我这种新手来说, 不搭服务器怎么可以, So, 选择Python的Django库, 尝试各种方法, 失败N次
报错为:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo pip install django
Collecting django
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 353, in                                                                                                              run
    wb.build(autobuilding=True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 749, in build
    self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 380, in prepa                                                                                                             re_files
    ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 554, in _prep                                                                                                             are_file
    require_hashes
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 278, in p                                                                                                             opulate_link
    self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 465, in find_requir                                                                                                             ement
    all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 423, in find_all_ca                                                                                                             ndidates
    for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 568, in _get_pages
    page = self._get_page(location)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 683, in _get_page
    return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 792, in get_page
    "Cache-Control": "max-age=600",
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 501, in get
    return self.request("GET", url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 386, in request
    return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 488, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 630, in send
    history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 190, in resolve_redirects
    **adapter_kwargs
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 609, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/CacheControl-0.11.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl/cachec                                                                                                             ontrol/adapter.py", line 47, in send
    resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/a                                                                                                             dapters.py", line 423, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/con                                                                                                             nectionpool.py", line 643, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/uti                                                                                                             l/retry.py", line 315, in increment
    total -= 1
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: "Retry" and "int"

当然尝试pip3亦是如此

First

菜鸟给的安装方法很直接的安装方法, 失败

Second

老方法从Python Extension Packages 下载whl 文件, 要么直接通过树莓派的网络下载, 要么通过你的电脑下载, 通过U盘拷贝到树莓派, 再安装, 当然未果, 而且报错略有不同

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 353, in                                                                                                              run
    wb.build(autobuilding=True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 749, in build
    self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 380, in prepa                                                                                                             re_files
    ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 554, in _prep                                                                                                             are_file
    require_hashes
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 278, in p                                                                                                             opulate_link
    self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 465, in find_requir                                                                                                             ement
    all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 423, in find_all_ca                                                                                                             ndidates
    for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 568, in _get_pages
    page = self._get_page(location)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 683, in _get_page
    return HTMLPage.get_page(link, session=self.session)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/index.py", line 792, in get_page
    "Cache-Control": "max-age=600",
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 501, in get
    return self.request("GET", url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 386, in request
    return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 488, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 630, in send
    history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 190, in resolve_redirects
    **adapter_kwargs
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/s                                                                                                             essions.py", line 609, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/CacheControl-0.11.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl/cachec                                                                                                             ontrol/adapter.py", line 47, in send
    resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.12.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/a                                                                                                             dapters.py", line 423, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/con                                                                                                             nectionpool.py", line 643, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/uti                                                                                                             l/retry.py", line 315, in increment
    total -= 1
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: "Retry" and "int"

Third

使用 sudo apt-get install python-pip

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get install python3-pip
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
正在读取状态信息... 完成
python3-pip 已经是最新版 (9.0.1-2+rpt2)。
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 0 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 98 个软件包未被升                                                                                                             级。

没报错, 但依然无法安装

fourth

使用 sudo python -m pip install --upgrade --force pip
再次sudo pip安装,无果

last

感谢大神的分享
我才发觉这是一个新手的通用问题:

树莓派自带的Linux系统附带了一个来自前寒武纪的pip版本，
如果您不想花费数小时来调试与pip相关的问题，
那么就必须升级它。

甚至是Ubuntu系统亦是如此
使用如下代码:

apt-get remove python-pip python3-pip
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py

可能有小问题, 别忘了sudo

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ python get-pip.py
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting pip
  Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))                                                                                                              after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connec                                                                                                             tion: [Errno -3] xe5x9fx9fxe5x90x8dxe8xa7xa3xe6x9ex90xe6x9ax82xe                                                                                                             6x97xb6xe5xa4xb1xe8xb4xa5",)": /simple/pip/
  Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] xe5x9fx9fxe5x90x8dxe8xa7xa3xe6x9ex90xe6x9ax82xe6x97xb6xe5xa4xb1xe8xb4xa5",)": /simple/pip/
  Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] xe5x9fx9fxe5x90x8dxe8xa7xa3xe6x9ex90xe6x9ax82xe6x97xb6xe5xa4xb1xe8xb4xa5",)": /simple/pip/
  Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] xe5x9fx9fxe5x90x8dxe8xa7xa3xe6x9ex90xe6x9ax82xe6x97xb6xe5xa4xb1xe8xb4xa5",)": /simple/pip/
  Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] xe5x9fx9fxe5x90x8dxe8xa7xa3xe6x9ex90xe6x9ax82xe6x97xb6xe5xa4xb1xe8xb4xa5",)": /simple/pip/
  Downloading https://www.piwheels.org/simple/pip/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 336kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] 权限不够: "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip"
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ sudo python get-pip.py
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Collecting pip
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5f/25/e52d3f31441505a5f3af41213346e5b6c221c9e086a166f3703d2ddaf940/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 19kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-18.0

最后再通过之前的whl文件安装Django, 就OK了, 当然 sudo pip install django 亦可

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ sudo pip3 install Django-2.1.2-py3-none-any.whl
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.org/simple, https://www.piwheels.org/simple
Processing ./Django-2.1.2-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pytz (from Django==2.1.2)
  Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))                                                                                                              after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connec                                                                                                             tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败",)": /simple/pytz/
  Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))                                                                                                              after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connec                                                                                                             tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败",)": /simple/pytz/
  Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))                                                                                                              after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connec                                                                                                             tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败",)": /simple/pytz/
  Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))                                                                                                              after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connec                                                                                                             tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败",)": /simple/pytz/
  Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None))                                                                                                              after connection broken by "NewConnectionError(": Failed to establish a new connec                                                                                                             tion: [Errno -3] 域名解析暂时失败",)": /packages/30/4e/27c34b62430286c6d59177a08                                                                                                             42ed90dc789ce5d1ed740887653b898779a/pytz-2018.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/30/4e/27c34b62430286c6d591                                                                                                             77a0842ed90dc789ce5d1ed740887653b898779a/pytz-2018.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl (510kB                                                                                                             )
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 512kB 33kB/s
Installing collected packages: pytz, Django
Successfully installed Django-2.1.2 pytz-2018.5

大功告成！如果之后我在搭建服务器时遇到问题, 我依旧会分享, 同志们晚安！