Nginx笔记（一）Nginx安装

摘要：环境准备准备服务器确保有网络确保可用关闭规则查看规则关闭规则保险起见，再查看下查表里是否有规则有的话，也关闭关闭策略查看是否开启关闭安装基础库开始安装访问官网复制以下源服务器上创建的源改成验证源从源安装验证显示如下启动

准备服务器
centos7.2

确保有网络

ping www.baidu.com

确保yum可用

yum list | grep gcc

关闭iptables规则

# 查看iptables规则
iptables -L
# 关闭iptables规则
iptables -F
# 保险起见，再查看下查nat表里是否有规则
iptables -t nat -L
# 有的话，也关闭
iptables -t nat -F

关闭selinux策略

# 查看selinux是否开启
getenforce
# 关闭
setenforce 0

安装基础库

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf pcre pcre-devel make automake

访问Nginx官网
http://nginx.org/en/linux_pac...

复制以下yum源

[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/OS/OSRELEASE/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

服务器上创建nginx的yum源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
vi nginx.repo

# OS/OSRELEASE改成centos/7
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

验证yum源

yum list | grep nginx

...
nginx.x86_64                             1:1.12.2-1.el7_4.ngx           nginx
...

从yum源安装nginx

yum install nginx

验证nginx

nginx -v
# 显示如下
nginx version: nginx/1.12.2

启动Nginx

systemctl start nginx.service

进程确认

ps -aux | grep nginx

root      9384  0.0  0.0  46296   952 ?        Ss   22:30   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx     9386  0.0  0.1  46680  1912 ?        S    22:30   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      9388  0.0  0.0 112648   968 pts/0    R+   22:30   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

访问一下，80默认端口

初始备用目录

cd /opt
mkdir app download logs work backup

备份Nginx配置文件

cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /opt/backup
cp /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /opt/backup

查看安装过程都创建了哪些文件/目录

rpm -ql nginx

/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/modules
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
/usr/lib64/nginx
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/check-reload
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/upgrade
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx-debug
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.2
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.12.2/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz
/usr/share/nginx
/usr/share/nginx/html
/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/var/cache/nginx
/var/log/nginx

相关文件和目录的说明

查看安装过程的编译参数

nginx -V

nginx version: nginx/1.12.2
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt="-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC" --with-ld-opt="-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie"

相关编译参数的说明