摘要:查看版本查看节点部署说明提供名称和镜像地址镜像地址再如查看测试获取名字测试使用进行故障排除主要使用如下命令列出资源显示资源详情打印中的日志在中的上执行命令获取应用配置查看应用是否在运行查看中有哪些结
查看版本
kubectl version查看节点
kubectl get nodes部署app
说明: 提供deployment名称和app镜像地址(docker镜像地址)
kubectl run kubernetes-bootcamp --image=gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1 --port=8080
再如:
run test --image=preparedman/mytomcat:tagname --port=8088查看app
kubectl proxy
测试:curl http://localhost:8001/version
{ "major": "1", "minor": "13", "gitVersion": "v1.13.3", "gitCommit": "721bfa751924da8d1680787490c54b9179b1fed0", "gitTreeState": "clean", "buildDate": "2019-02-01T20:00:57Z", "goVersion": "go1.11.5", "compiler": "gc", "platform": "linux/amd64" }
获取pod名字
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template "{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{" "}}{{end}}")
测试:echo Name of the Pod: $POD_NAME
使用kubectl进行故障排除主要使用如下命令
kubectl get - list resources 列出资源 kubectl describe - show detailed information about a resource 显示资源详情 kubectl logs - print the logs from a container in a pod 打印`pod` 中container的日志 kubectl exec - execute a command on a container in a pod 在`pod`中的container上执行命令获取应用配置
查看应用是否在运行
kubectl get pods
查看pod 中有哪些container
kubectl describe pods
结果如下:
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc Namespace: default Priority: 0 PriorityClassName:打印container日志Node: minikube/172.17.0.72 Start Time: Wed, 24 Apr 2019 13:21:58 +0000 Labels: pod-template-hash=6bf84cb898 run=kubernetes-bootcamp Annotations: Status: Running IP: 172.18.0.4 Controlled By: ReplicaSet/kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898 Containers: kubernetes-bootcamp: Container ID: docker://55491b363d26b62e432cd4841ed4f65cc5b98e645d172c6ed88feaebcb4ec06c Image: gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1 Image ID: docker-pullable://jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp@sha256:0d6b8ee63bb57c5f5b6156f446b3bc3b3c143d233037f3a2f00e279c8fcc64af Port: 8080/TCP Host Port: 0/TCP State: Running Started: Wed, 24 Apr 2019 13:22:00 +0000 Ready: True Restart Count: 0 Environment: Mounts: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-l7v8b (ro) Conditions: Type Status Initialized True Ready True ContainersReady True PodScheduled True Volumes: default-token-l7v8b: Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret) SecretName: default-token-l7v8b Optional: false QoS Class: BestEffort Node-Selectors: Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 3m6s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc to minikube Normal Pulled 3m4s kubelet, minikube Container image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v1" already present on machine Normal Created 3m4s kubelet, minikube Created container Normal Started 3m4s kubelet, minikube Started container
kubectl logs $POD_NAME在container中直接执行命令
比如:获取pod名字是kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc的日期,默认使用第一个container container by default
kubectl exec kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc date
再入:进入container的命令行环境
kubectl exec kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-jk4jc bash
退出使用
exit暴露你的应用service 列出当前集群中的service
kubectl get services创建一个新的service并暴露给外部流量
kubectl expose deployment/kubernetes-bootcamp --type="NodePort" --port 8080查看service详情
$ kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp
结果:
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp Namespace: default Labels: run=kubernetes-bootcamp Annotations:创建一个环境变量NODE_PORT,它的值等于service暴露的端口Selector: run=kubernetes-bootcamp Type: NodePort IP: 10.105.231.53 Port: 8080/TCP TargetPort: 8080/TCP NodePort: 32400/TCP Endpoints: 172.18.0.4:8080 Session Affinity: None External Traffic Policy: Cluster Events:
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template="{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}") echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT
测试:
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT使用labels 查看label
kubectl describe deployment
你能看到这样一行:
Labels: run=kubernetes-bootcamp通过label查询pod
kubectl get pods -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp通过label查询service
kubectl get services -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp获取pod名字,并保存到环境变量POD_NAME中
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods -o go-template --template "{{range .items}}{{.metadata.name}}{{" "}}{{end}}") echo name of the pod: $POD_NAME添加新的lebel
使用label命令
kubectl label pod $POD_NAME app=v1
查看:
kubectl describe pods $POD_NAME删除service 通过label删除service
kubectl delete service -l run=kubernetes-bootcamp
确认删除:
kubectl get services
确认没有暴露给集群外部:
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
确认集群内部还可以访问:
kubectl exec -ti $POD_NAME curl localhost:8080
扩容 设置deployments的replica数量为4kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=4
查看结果:
可以看到修改replica设置生效
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE kubernetes-bootcamp 4/4 4 4 3m17s
pod数量已经改变,查看详情
kubectl get pods -o wide
结果:
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-7tbrg 1/1 Running 0 2m50s 172.18.0.5 minikubekubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-fx68f 1/1 Running 0 3m52s 172.18.0.4 minikube kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-prgsc 1/1 Running 0 2m50s 172.18.0.6 minikube kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-qv4gc 1/1 Running 0 2m50s 172.18.0.7 minikube
查看4个pod
kubectl describe deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp
结果:
Replicas: 4 desired | 4 updated | 4 total | 4 available | 0 unavailable查看service是否是负载均衡的 查看具体IP
kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp
结果:
Endpoints: 172.18.0.2:8080,172.18.0.4:8080,172.18.0.6:8080 + 1 more...创建环境变量NODE_PORT
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template="{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}") echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT调用请求
可以看到,每次请求的都是不同的pod
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
结果:
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-2l975 | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-qg5xh | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-bn98t | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-6bf84cb898-zbmj4 | v=1缩容
kubectl scale deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp --replicas=2 ## 更新到版本2 kubectl set image deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=jocatalin/kubernetes-bootcamp:v2
验证更新
查看暴露出来的ip和端口
kubectl describe services/kubernetes-bootcamp
结果:
Name: kubernetes-bootcamp Namespace: default Labels: run=kubernetes-bootcamp Annotations:Selector: run=kubernetes-bootcamp Type: NodePort IP: 10.98.28.235 Port: 8080/TCP TargetPort: 8080/TCP NodePort: 31419/TCP Endpoints: 172.18.0.10:8080,172.18.0.11:8080,172.18.0.8:8080 + 1 more... Session Affinity: None External Traffic Policy: Cluster Events:
创建环境变量
export NODE_PORT=$(kubectl get services/kubernetes-bootcamp -o go-template="{{(index .spec.ports 0).nodePort}}") echo NODE_PORT=$NODE_PORT
访问:
curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT
结果:
访问版本2,且每次访问不同的地址
Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-tcxpf | v=2 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-tcxpf | v=2 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-86c8g | v=2 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-fx9tf | v=2 $ curl $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT Hello Kubernetes bootcamp! | Running on: kubernetes-bootcamp-5bf4d5689b-tcxpf | v=2确认更新
kubectl rollout status deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp回滚
更新到版本10
kubectl set image deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp kubernetes-bootcamp=gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10
查看发现报错,因为版本库中没有版本10
kubectl get deployments kubectl get pods kubectl describe pods
报错
Warning Failed 38s (x3 over 77s) kubelet, minikube Failed to pull image "gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: manifest for gcr.io/google-samples/kubernetes-bootcamp:v10 not found
执行会滚
kubectl rollout undo deployments/kubernetes-bootcamp
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