实战生产环境：kubeadmin安装1.13.3最新版k8s集群教程

peixn 发布于2019-07-01 17:08 / 2853人阅读

摘要：源配置需要和先操作，在把源过去。总用量月月月安装引擎设置相关系统内核参数安装相关组件导入所需要的镜像为什么要导入镜像呢因为会去谷歌的镜像源上面下载，大家都懂得所以我下载下来，使用的时候直接导入就好了。

2019年3月6日：出版安装kubeadmin部署k8s集群教程

本次安装采用kubeadmin ！

安装的k8s版本为1.13.3版，是当前最新版本！

本篇文章，所使用的任何镜像和yaml我都会发一个网盘链接，供大家下载学习！
链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1kk3Q... 密码:mlyo

github：https://github.com/heyangguang

有任何问题可以直接联系我的Email：heyangev@cn.ibm.com

主机列表：

系统采用的是Centos7.5

主机名	IP地址	角色
k8smaster	9.186.137.114	master
k8snode-1	9.186.137.115	node
k8snode-2	9.186.137.116	node

基础环境准备：

关闭防火墙、关闭selinux，关闭swap，关闭网卡管理器。

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@k8smaster ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@k8smaster ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager ; systemctl disable NetworkManager
[root@k8smaster ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@k8smaster ~]# scp /etc/selinux/config root@k8snode-1:/etc/selinux/config
config                                                                                                          100%  546     1.1MB/s   00:00
[root@k8smaster ~]# scp /etc/selinux/config root@k8snode-2:/etc/selinux/config
config                                                                                                          100%  546     1.3MB/s   00:00
[root@k8smaster ~]# swapoff -a
[root@k8smaster ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[root@k8smaster ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Mar  4 17:23:04 2019
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under "/dev/disk"
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=3dd5660e-0905-4f1e-9fa3-9ce664d6eb94 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
#/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

k8snode-1:
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager ; systemctl disable NetworkManager
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# swapoff -a
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# vim /etc/fstab

k8snode-2:
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# swapoff -a
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager ; systemctl disable NetworkManager
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# vim /etc/fstab

yum源配置：

需要k8snode-1和k8snode-2先操作，在把yum源copy过去。

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# ll
总用量 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2206 3月   5 18:50 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  923 3月   5 18:50 epel.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  276 3月   5 18:50 k8s.repo
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# scp * k8snode-1:/etc/yum.
scp: /etc/yum.: No such file or directory
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# scp * k8snode-1:/etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo                                                                                                100% 2206   352.0KB/s   00:00
epel.repo                                                                                                       100%  923   160.8KB/s   00:00
k8s.repo                                                                                                        100%  276    48.2KB/s   00:00
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# scp * k8snode-2:/etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo                                                                                                100% 2206   216.3KB/s   00:00
epel.repo                                                                                                       100%  923   157.1KB/s   00:00
k8s.repo                                                                                                        100%  276    47.5KB/s   00:00

k8snode-1:
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@k8snode-1 yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *

k8snode-2:
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*

安装Docker引擎：

k8smaster：
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# yum -y install docker
[root@k8smaster yum.repos.d]# systemctl start docker ; systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

k8snode-1：
[root@k8snode-1 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install docker
[root@k8snode-1 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start docker ; systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

k8snode-2：
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# yum -y install docker
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# systemctl start docker ; systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

设置k8s相关系统内核参数：

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster ~]# cat << EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
> net.bridge.bridege-nf-call-iptables = 1
> net.bridge.bridege-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
> EOF
[root@k8smaster ~]# sysctl -p

k8snode-1:
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# cat << EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
> net.bridge.bridege-nf-call-iptables = 1
> net.bridge.bridege-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
> EOF
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# sysctl -p

k8snode-2:
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# cat << EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
> net.bridge.bridege-nf-call-iptables = 1
> net.bridge.bridege-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
> EOF
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# sysctl -p

安装kubernetes相关组件：

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster ~]# yum install -y kubelet-1.13.3 kubeadm-1.11.1 kubectl-1.13.3 --disableexcludes=kubernetes
[root@k8smaster ~]# systemctl start kubelet ; systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

k8snode-1:
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# yum install -y kubelet-1.13.3 kubeadm-1.11.1 kubectl-1.13.3 --disableexcludes=kubernetes
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet ; systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

k8snode-2:
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# yum install -y kubelet-1.13.3 kubeadm-1.11.1 kubectl-1.13.3 --disableexcludes=kubernetes
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# systemctl start kubelet ; systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

导入所需要的镜像：

为什么要导入镜像呢？因为kubeadmin会去谷歌的镜像源上面下载，大家都懂得！所以我下载下来，使用的时候直接导入就好了。

所需要的镜像：
k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.13.3
k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.13.3
k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.13.3
k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.13.3
k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.2.24
k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.2.6
k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1

这里所用到的镜像，我会全部打包到我的github上，需要的可以去下载。
导入方式相同，只需要全部导入即可！

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  images.tar
[root@k8smaster ~]# ll
总用量 1834184
-rw-------. 1 root root       1245 3月   4 17:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1878197248 3月   5 18:31 images.tar
[root@k8smaster ~]# docker load < images.tar

k8snode-1:
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  images.tar
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# docker load < images.tar

k8snode-2:
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  images.tar
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# docker load < images.tar

master上初始化kubeadmin生成node token：

使用kubeadm init 初始化环境，--kubernetes-version指定版本，-pod-network-cidr指定虚拟网络的网段，可以随便指定任何网段！

[root@k8smaster ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.13.3 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
[init] using Kubernetes version: v1.13.3
[preflight] running pre-flight checks
    [WARNING KubernetesVersion]: kubernetes version is greater than kubeadm version. Please consider to upgrade kubeadm. kubernetes version: 1.13.3. Kubeadm version: 1.11.x
I0305 19:49:27.250624    5373 kernel_validator.go:81] Validating kernel version
I0305 19:49:27.250718    5373 kernel_validator.go:96] Validating kernel config
[preflight/images] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight/images] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight/images] You can also perform this action in beforehand using "kubeadm config images pull"
[kubelet] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[preflight] Activating the kubelet service
[certificates] Generated ca certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated apiserver certificate and key.
[certificates] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8smaster kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 9.186.137.114]
[certificates] Generated apiserver-kubelet-client certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated sa key and public key.
[certificates] Generated front-proxy-ca certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated front-proxy-client certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated etcd/ca certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated etcd/server certificate and key.
[certificates] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8smaster localhost] and IPs [127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certificates] Generated etcd/peer certificate and key.
[certificates] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8smaster localhost] and IPs [9.186.137.114 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certificates] Generated etcd/healthcheck-client certificate and key.
[certificates] Generated apiserver-etcd-client certificate and key.
[certificates] valid certificates and keys now exist in "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf"
[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf"
[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-apiserver to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml"
[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-controller-manager to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml"
[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-scheduler to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml"
[etcd] Wrote Static Pod manifest for a local etcd instance to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/etcd.yaml"
[init] waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as Static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[init] this might take a minute or longer if the control plane images have to be pulled
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 19.502118 seconds
[uploadconfig] storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.13" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[markmaster] Marking the node k8smaster as master by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master="""
[markmaster] Marking the node k8smaster as master by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[patchnode] Uploading the CRI Socket information "/var/run/dockershim.sock" to the Node API object "k8smaster" as an annotation
[bootstraptoken] using token: xjzf96.nv0qhqwj9j47r1tv
[bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstraptoken] creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes master has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each node
as root:

  kubeadm join 9.186.137.114:6443 --token xjzf96.nv0qhqwj9j47r1tv --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e386175a5cae597dec6bfeb7c92d01bc5fe052313b50dc48e419057c8c3f824c
  
[root@k8smaster ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8smaster ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8smaster ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

node节点执行kubeadm join加入集群：

注意！一定要时间同步，否则就会出问题！

报这个错误：

[discovery] Failed to request cluster info, will try again: [Get https://9.186.137.114:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-public/configmaps/cluster-info: x509: certificate has expired or is not yet valid]

k8snode-1:
[root@k8snode-1 ~]# kubeadm join 9.186.137.114:6443 --token xjzf96.nv0qhqwj9j47r1tv --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e386175a5cae597dec6bfeb7c92d01bc5fe052313b50dc48e419057c8c3f824c
[preflight] running pre-flight checks
    [WARNING RequiredIPVSKernelModulesAvailable]: the IPVS proxier will not be used, because the following required kernel modules are not loaded: [ip_vs ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_sh] or no builtin kernel ipvs support: map[ip_vs:{} ip_vs_rr:{} ip_vs_wrr:{} ip_vs_sh:{} nf_conntrack_ipv4:{}]
you can solve this problem with following methods:
 1. Run "modprobe -- " to load missing kernel modules;
2. Provide the missing builtin kernel ipvs support

I0305 20:02:24.453910    5983 kernel_validator.go:81] Validating kernel version
I0305 20:02:24.454026    5983 kernel_validator.go:96] Validating kernel config
[discovery] Trying to connect to API Server "9.186.137.114:6443"
[discovery] Created cluster-info discovery client, requesting info from "https://9.186.137.114:6443"
[discovery] Requesting info from "https://9.186.137.114:6443" again to validate TLS against the pinned public key
[discovery] Cluster info signature and contents are valid and TLS certificate validates against pinned roots, will use API Server "9.186.137.114:6443"
[discovery] Successfully established connection with API Server "9.186.137.114:6443"
[kubelet] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.13" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
[kubelet] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[preflight] Activating the kubelet service
[tlsbootstrap] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
[patchnode] Uploading the CRI Socket information "/var/run/dockershim.sock" to the Node API object "k8snode-1" as an annotation

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to master and a response
  was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run "kubectl get nodes" on the master to see this node join the cluster.


k8snode-2:
[root@k8snode-2 ~]# kubeadm join 9.186.137.114:6443 --token xjzf96.nv0qhqwj9j47r1tv --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e386175a5cae597dec6bfeb7c92d01bc5fe052313b50dc48e419057c8c3f824c
[preflight] running pre-flight checks
    [WARNING RequiredIPVSKernelModulesAvailable]: the IPVS proxier will not be used, because the following required kernel modules are not loaded: [ip_vs_rr ip_vs_wrr ip_vs_sh ip_vs] or no builtin kernel ipvs support: map[ip_vs:{} ip_vs_rr:{} ip_vs_wrr:{} ip_vs_sh:{} nf_conntrack_ipv4:{}]
you can solve this problem with following methods:
 1. Run "modprobe -- " to load missing kernel modules;
2. Provide the missing builtin kernel ipvs support

I0305 19:51:39.452856    5036 kernel_validator.go:81] Validating kernel version
I0305 19:51:39.452954    5036 kernel_validator.go:96] Validating kernel config
[discovery] Trying to connect to API Server "9.186.137.114:6443"
[discovery] Created cluster-info discovery client, requesting info from "https://9.186.137.114:6443"
[discovery] Requesting info from "https://9.186.137.114:6443" again to validate TLS against the pinned public key
[discovery] Cluster info signature and contents are valid and TLS certificate validates against pinned roots, will use API Server "9.186.137.114:6443"
[discovery] Successfully established connection with API Server "9.186.137.114:6443"
[kubelet] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.13" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
[kubelet] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[preflight] Activating the kubelet service
[tlsbootstrap] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
[patchnode] Uploading the CRI Socket information "/var/run/dockershim.sock" to the Node API object "k8snode-2" as an annotation

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to master and a response
  was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run "kubectl get nodes" on the master to see this node join the cluster.

安装Flannel网络：

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created
daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created
daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-arm created
daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created
daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds-s390x created

查看K8S集群状态：

k8smaster:
[root@k8smaster ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
coredns-86c58d9df4-kmfct            1/1     Running   0          8m26s
coredns-86c58d9df4-qn2k2            1/1     Running   0          8m26s
etcd-k8smaster                      1/1     Running   0          8m35s
kube-apiserver-k8smaster            1/1     Running   1          8m10s
kube-controller-manager-k8smaster   1/1     Running   0          7m43s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-9rmfz         1/1     Running   0          5m9s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-vnwtf         1/1     Running   0          12s
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-x7q4s         1/1     Running   0          51s
kube-proxy-7zl9n                    1/1     Running   0          7m31s
kube-proxy-t2sx9                    1/1     Running   0          8m27s
kube-proxy-txsfr                    1/1     Running   0          7m27s
kube-scheduler-k8smaster            1/1     Running   0          8m56s

到这里kubeadmin就部署完毕k8s集群了！

希望大家可以给我指出问题，我们一起前进！

谢谢大家！

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实战生产环境：kubeadmin安装1.13.3最新版k8s集群教程

摘要：源配置需要和先操作，在把源过去。总用量月月月安装引擎设置相关系统内核参数安装相关组件导入所需要的镜像为什么要导入镜像呢因为会去谷歌的镜像源上面下载，大家都懂得所以我下载下来，使用的时候直接导入就好了。 2019年3月6日：出版安装kubeadmin部署k8s集群教程本次安装采用kubeadmin ！安装的k8s版本为1.13.3版，是当前最新版本！本篇文章，所使用的任何镜像和ya...

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