容器化开发环境 - 数据库连接和迁移

摘要：在容器化开发环境中分享了如何容器化本地的开发环境。对于一个应用，数据库似乎是必不可少的东西。下面会通过例子来介绍一下如何一个容器中的数据库。例子将会使用的技术栈在目录下新建文件，用于控制数据库的启动。

在 容器化开发环境 中分享了如何容器化本地的开发环境。对于一个Web应用，数据库似乎是必不可少的东西。下面会通过例子来介绍一下如何Setup一个容器中的数据库。例子将会使用的技术栈：

MySQL

Flyway

...

clone hello-dockerize repo

$ git clone https://github.com/aikin/hello-dockerize.git

在dockerize目录下新建文件docker-entrypoint.sh，用于控制MySQL数据库的启动。

修改Dockerfile，添加安装MySQL的配置：

# === Install Mysql ===
RUN groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql mysql

RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

ENV MYSQL_MAJOR 5.7
ENV MYSQL_VERSION 5.7.11-1ubuntu14.04

# gpg: key 5072E1F5: public key "MySQL Release Engineering " imported
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys A4A9406876FCBD3C456770C88C718D3B5072E1F5

RUN echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu/ trusty mysql-${MYSQL_MAJOR}" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list

# the "/var/lib/mysql" stuff here is because the mysql-server postinst doesn"t have an explicit way to disable the mysql_install_db codepath besides having a database already "configured" (ie, stuff in /var/lib/mysql/mysql)
# also, we set debconf keys to make APT a little quieter
RUN { 
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/data-dir select ""; 
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password ""; 
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password ""; 
echo mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/remove-test-db select false; 
} | debconf-set-selections

RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y mysql-server="${MYSQL_VERSION}"
RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql

# comment out a few problematic configuration values
# don"t reverse lookup hostnames, they are usually another container
RUN sed -Ei "s/^(bind-address|log)/#&/" /etc/mysql/my.cnf 
&& echo "skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve" | awk "{ print } $1 == "[mysqld]" && c == 0 { c = 1; system("cat") }" /etc/mysql/my.cnf > /tmp/my.cnf 
&& mv /tmp/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf

VOLUME /var/lib/mysql

COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh
RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh # backwards compat
ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]

EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["mysqld"]

新建文件dev.env，用于配置数据库账号和密码。

MYSQL_USER=mysql
MYSQL_PASSWORD=mysql
MYSQL_DATABASE=hello_dockerize
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=12345678

修改docker-compose.yml

web:
  build: ./dockerize
  env_file: ./dockerize/dev.env
  environment:
- LANG=C.UTF-8
- TERM=xterm
- DEBUG=true
  ports:
- "8080:8080"
- "3306:3306"
- "5005:5005"
  volumes:
- .:/hello-dockerize
- /var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql

启动容器

$ docker-compose run --service-ports web

新建文件db.mysql.gradle

flyway {
    driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
    url = "jdbc:mysql://dockerhost:3306/hello_dockerize"
    user = "mysql"
    password = "mysql"
    table = "hello_dockerize_schema_version"
    initOnMigrate = true
    locations = ["filesystem:${projectDir}/src/main/resources/db/migration/mysql"]
    sqlMigrationPrefix = "MySQL-"
}

dependencies {
    compile "mysql:mysql-connector-java:5.1.34"
}

修改build.gradle文件，添加

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/snapshot" }
        maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE")
        classpath "org.flywaydb:flyway-gradle-plugin:3.0"
    }
}
apply plugin: "flyway"
apply from: "db.mysql.gradle"

新建目录 src/main/resources/db/migration/mysql，添加 migration sql 脚本MySQL-1_1__create_user.sql：

CREATE TABLE User (
    ID          BIGINT PRIMARY KEY   AUTO_INCREMENT,
    FIRST_NAME  varchar(64) NOT NULL,
    LAST_NAME   varchar(64) NOT NULL
) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

insert into User (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME) values ("Laijin", "Lu");

执行 migrate 命令:

$ ./gradlew flywayClean flywayInit flywayMigrate

安装 Intellij IDEA plugin Database Navigator，配置connections：

查看User表数据

　 结束了吗？并没有，如何将应用和数据库分离成两个独立的容器。

原文链接