Docker 小技巧

摘要：以下都会使用到容器，所以执行以下指令查看容器或者容器名称检查环节变量查看日志备份恢复备份使用进入容器没有剩余磁盘空间使用以下指令删除容器和镜像删除所有容器删除未使用的镜像清理日

以下都会使用到容器 id，所以执行以下指令查看容器 id 或者容器名称

[yexiaobaideMacBook-Pro: ~]$ sudo docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                              NAMES
20ec96201fa3        swarm               "/swarm manage token   26 hours ago        Up 26 hours         0.0.0.0:2222->2375/tcp             suspicious_sinoussi   
7e90d4598a74        swarm               "/swarm join -addr=1   26 hours ago        Up 26 hours         2375/tcp                           sad_cray              
abf7cdbe5d1c        rancher/server      "/usr/bin/s6-svscan    26 hours ago        Up 26 hours         3306/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp   ecstatic_morse     

sudo docker inspect --format "{{.Config.Env}}" abf7cdbe5d1c

sudo docker logs -f abf7cdbe5d1c

sudo docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from  busybox tar -cvf /backup/backup.tar 

恢复备份

sudo docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from  busybox tar -xvf /backup/backup.tar 

sudo docker exec -it ecstatic_morse  bash

使用以下指令删除容器和镜像

sudo docker ps -aq | xargs sudo docker rm # 删除所有容器
sudo docker images -aq -f dangling=true | xargs sudo docker rmi # 删除未使用的镜像

清理日志 - 非 root 权限

 sudo su -c "echo "" > $(sudo docker inspect --format="{{.LogPath}}" ecstatic_morse)"      

在 .zshrc 或者 .bashrc 中写入以下脚本：

alias dockercleancontainers="docker ps -aq | xargs docker rm"
alias dockercleanimages="docker images -aq -f dangling=true | xargs docker rmi"
alias dockerclean="dockercleancontainers && dockercleanimages"
alias docker-killall="docker ps -q | xargs docker kill"

# runs docker exec in the latest container
function docker-exec-last {
  docker exec -ti $( docker ps -a -q -l) /bin/bash
}

function docker-get-ip {
  # Usage: docker-get-ip (name or sha)
  [ -n "$1" ] && docker inspect --format "{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}" $1
}

function docker-get-id {
  # Usage: docker-get-id (friendly-name)
  [ -n "$1" ] && docker inspect --format "{{ .ID }}" "$1"
}

function docker-get-image {
  # Usage: docker-get-image (friendly-name)
  [ -n "$1" ] && docker inspect --format "{{ .Image }}" "$1"
}

function docker-get-state {
  # Usage: docker-get-state (friendly-name)
  [ -n "$1" ] && docker inspect --format "{{ .State.Running }}" "$1"
}

function docker-memory {
  for line in `docker ps | awk "{print $1}" | grep -v CONTAINER`; do docker ps | grep $line | awk "{printf $NF" "}" && echo $(( `cat /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/docker/$line*/memory.usage_in_bytes` / 1024 / 1024 ))MB ; done
}
# keeps the commmand history when running a container
function basher() {
    if [[ $1 = "run" ]]
    then
        shift
        docker run -e HIST_FILE=/root/.bash_history -v $HOME/.bash_history:/root/.bash_history "$@"
    else
        docker "$@"
    fi
}
# backup files from a docker volume into /tmp/backup.tar.gz
function docker-volume-backup-compressed() {
  docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from "$1" debian:jessie tar -czvf /backup/backup.tar.gz "${@:2}"
}
# restore files from /tmp/backup.tar.gz into a docker volume
function docker-volume-restore-compressed() {
  docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from "$1" debian:jessie tar -xzvf /backup/backup.tar.gz "${@:2}"
  echo "Double checking files..."
  docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from "$1" debian:jessie ls -lh "${@:2}"
}
# backup files from a docker volume into /tmp/backup.tar
function docker-volume-backup() {
  docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from "$1" busybox tar -cvf /backup/backup.tar "${@:2}"
}
# restore files from /tmp/backup.tar into a docker volume
function docker-volume-restore() {
  docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from "$1" busybox tar -xvf /backup/backup.tar "${@:2}"
  echo "Double checking files..."
  docker run --rm -v /tmp:/backup --volumes-from "$1" busybox ls -lh "${@:2}"
}

ENV JENKINS_VERSION 1.625.3
ENV JENKINS_SHA 537d910f541c25a23499b222ccd37ca25e074a0c

RUN curl -fL http://mirrors.jenkins-ci.org/war-stable/$JENKINS_VERSION/jenkins.war -o /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war 
  && echo "$JENKINS_SHA /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war" | sha1sum -c -

RUN apt-get update && 
    apt-get install -y curl python-pip && 
    pip install requests && 
    apt-get remove -y python-pip curl && 
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# forward request and error logs to docker log collector
RUN ln -sf /dev/stdout /var/log/nginx/access.log
RUN ln -sf /dev/stderr /var/log/nginx/error.log

原文：http://blog.labianchin.me/2016/02/15/docker-tips-and-tricks?mkt_tok=3RkMMJWWfF9wsRonuqTMZKXonjHpfsX57uglXKa%2FlMI%2F0ER3fOvrPUfGjI4DSsprI%2BSLDwEYGJlv6SgFQ7LMMaZq1rgMXBk%3D

https://zwischenzugs.wordpress.com/2015/06/14/my-favourite-docker-tip/

https://website-humblec.rhcloud.com/docker-tips-and-tricks/

https://docs.docker.com/engine/articles/dockerfile_best-practices/

http://www.projectatomic.io/docs/docker-image-author-guidance/

http://crosbymichael.com/dockerfile-best-practices.html

http://crosbymichael.com/dockerfile-best-practices-take-2.html