如何让 vim 成为我们的神器

摘要：是一个上古神器，刚刚接触的同学可能很难驾驭，本篇文章主要带领大家快速入门，并持续分享当前流行的一些安装新手指南教程移动光标向前移动两个单词向前移动到第个单词的末尾移动到行首当前行的末尾文件第一行文件最后一行行号指定行跳转回之前的位置返回

Vim 是一个上古神器，刚刚接触的同学可能很难驾驭，本篇文章主要带领大家 快速入门，并 持续分享 当前流行的一些 vim-plugin

sudo apt-get install vim  // Ubuntu

vimtutor  // vim 教程

# hjkl
# 2w 向前移动两个单词
# 3e 向前移动到第 3 个单词的末尾
# 0 移动到行首
# $ 当前行的末尾
# gg 文件第一行
# G 文件最后一行
# 行号+G 指定行
# +o 跳转回之前的位置
# +i 返回跳转之前的位置

#  进入正常模式
# :q! 不保存退出
# :wq 保存后退出

# x 删除当前字符
# dw 删除至当前单词末尾
# de 删除至当前单词末尾，包括当前字符
# d$ 删除至当前行尾
# dd 删除整行
# 2dd 删除两行

# i 插入文本
# A 当前行末尾添加
# r 替换当前字符
# o 打开新的一行并进入插入模式

# u 撤销
# +r 取消撤销

# v 进入可视模式
# y 复制
# p 粘贴
# yy 复制当前行
# dd 剪切当前行

# :e! 强制刷新该文件
# +g 显示当前行以及文件信息

# / 正向查找（n：继续查找，N：相反方向继续查找）
# ？ 逆向查找
# % 查找配对的 {，[，(
# :set ic 忽略大小写
# :set noic 取消忽略大小写
# :set hls 匹配项高亮显示
# :set is 显示部分匹配

# :s/old/new 替换该行第一个匹配串
# :s/old/new/g 替换全行的匹配串
# :%s/old/new/g 替换整个文件的匹配串

# zc 折叠
# zC 折叠所有嵌套
# zo 展开折叠
# zO 展开所有折叠嵌套

# :!shell 执行外部命令

#  - 缩小
#  shift + 放大
#  0 还原

$ Ctrl+W v  // 左右
$ Ctrl+W s  // 上下

# 移动光标
$ Ctrl+W h/j/k/l  // 左/上/下/右

# 移动分屏
$ Ctrl+W H/J/K/L  // 左/上/下/右

# 修改屏幕尺寸
$ Ctrl+W =/+/-

.vimrc 是 Vim 的配置文件，需要我们自己创建

cd
touch .vimrc

set nobackup
set noswapfile

set encoding=utf-8

set ic
set hls
set is

set number

set ruler

set cindent

set tabstop=2
set shiftwidth=2

set cursorline

set showmode

set nofoldenable

syntax enable
set background=dark
colorscheme solarized

altercation/vim-colors-solarized

Anthony25/gnome-terminal-colors-solarized

使用 vim-plug 管理插件

Plug "scrooloose/nerdtree"
Plug "jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs"
Plug "Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin"

autocmd vimenter * NERDTree
map  :NERDTreeToggle
let NERDTreeMinimalUI = 1
let NERDTreeShowHidden = 1

let g:nerdtree_tabs_open_on_console_startup = 1
let g:nerdtree_tabs_focus_on_files = 1

let g:NERDTreeIndicatorMapCustom = {
     "Modified"  : "✹",
     "Staged"    : "✚",
     "Untracked" : "✭",
     "Renamed"   : "➜",
     "Unmerged"  : "═",
     "Deleted"   : "✖",
     "Dirty"     : "✗",
     "Clean"     : "✔︎",
     "Ignored"   : "☒",
     "Unknown"   : "?"
     }

# o 打开关闭文件或目录
# e 以文件管理的方式打开选中的目录
# t 在标签页中打开
# T 在标签页中打开，但光标仍然留在 NERDTree
# r 刷新光标所在的目录
# R 刷新当前根路径
# X 收起所有目录
# p 小写，跳转到光标所在的上一级路径
# P 大写，跳转到当前根路径
# J 到第一个节点
# K 到最后一个节点
# I 显示隐藏文件
# m 显示文件操作菜单
# C 将根路径设置为光标所在的目录
# u 设置上级目录为根路径
# ctrl + w + w 光标自动在左右侧窗口切换
# ctrl + w + r 移动当前窗口的布局位置
# :tabc 关闭当前的 tab
# :tabo   关闭所有其他的 tab
# :tabp   前一个 tab
# :tabn   后一个 tab
# gT      前一个 tab
# gt      后一个 tab

scrooloose/nerdtree

vim-nerdtree-tabs

nerdtree-git-plugin

Plug "Valloric/YouCompleteMe"
Plug "Raimondi/delimitMate"
Plug "Shougo/deoplete.nvim", { "do": ":UpdateRemotePlugins" }

Valloric/YouCompleteMe

Raimondi/delimitMate

Shougo/deoplete.nvim

Plug "sheerun/vim-polyglot"
Plug "w0rp/ale"

let g:ale_linters = {
    "javascript": ["eslint"],
    "css": ["stylelint"],
}
let g:ale_fixers = {
    "javascript": ["eslint"],
    "css": ["stylelint"],
}
let g:ale_fix_on_save = 1

let g:ale_sign_column_always = 1
let g:ale_sign_error = "●"
let g:ale_sign_warning = "▶"

nmap   (ale_previous_wrap)
nmap   (ale_next_wrap)

w0rp/ale

sheerun/vim-polyglot

Plug "rking/ag.vim"
Plug "kien/ctrlp.vim"
Plug "vim-scripts/mru.vim"

let g:ag_highlight=1
let g:ag_working_path_mode="r"

# :Ag! content

set wildignore+=*.zip,*.exe

let g:ctrlp_map = ""
let g:ctrlp_custom_ignore = {
   "dir":  "v[/](node_modules|DS_Store|dist|build|coverage)|(.(git|hg|svn)$)",
   "file": "v.(exe|so|dll)$",
   }

# : 切换匹配模式
#  or , ：在新的 tab 中打开

let MRU_Exclude_Files = "^/tmp/.*|^/var/tmp/.*"
let MRU_Window_Height = 15

# :MRU

kien/ctrlp.vim

ggreer/the_silver_searcher

rking/ag.vim

vim-scripts/mru.vim

Plug "itchyny/lightline.vim"

let g:lightline = {
       "colorscheme": "powerline",
       "active": {
         "left": [ [ "mode", "paste" ],
                   [ "gitbranch", "readonly", "filename", "modified", "helloworld" ] ],
         "right": [ [ "lineinfo" ],
                    [ "percent" ],
                    [ "fileformat", "fileencoding", "filetype" ] ]
       },
       "component": {
         "helloworld": "Hello, 枫上雾棋!"
       },
       "component_function": {
         "gitbranch": "fugitive#head"
       },
       }

itchyny/lightline.vim

Plug "scrooloose/nerdcommenter"

# c 注释/取消注释
# cc // 注释
# cm 只用一组符号注释
# cA 在行尾添加注释
# c$ /* 注释 */
# cs /* 块注释 */
# cy 注释并复制
# ca 切换　// 和 /* */
# cu 取消注释

let g:NERDSpaceDelims = 1
let g:NERDDefaultAlign = "left"
let g:NERDCustomDelimiters = {
             "javascript": { "left": "//", "leftAlt": "/**", "rightAlt": "*/" },
             "less": { "left": "/**", "right": "*/" }
         }

let g:NERDAltDelims_javascript = 1
let g:NERDDefaultNesting = 0

scrooloose/nerdcommenter

Plug "airblade/vim-gitgutter"
Plug "tpope/vim-fugitive"

airblade/vim-gitgutter

tpope/vim-fugitive

Plug "suan/vim-instant-markdown"
Plug "junegunn/goyo.vim"
Plug "amix/vim-zenroom2"

let g:instant_markdown_slow = 1
let g:instant_markdown_autostart = 0
# :InstantMarkdownPreview

# :Goyo

suan/vim-instant-markdown

junegunn/goyo.vim

amix/vim-zenroom2

Plug "mattn/emmet-vim"

let g:user_emmet_leader_key=""
let g:user_emmet_settings = {
          "javascript.jsx" : {
             "extends" : "jsx",
         },
          }

mattn/emmet-vim

Plug "othree/html5.vim"

othree/html5.vim

Plug "hail2u/vim-css3-syntax"
Plug "ap/vim-css-color"

augroup VimCSS3Syntax
  autocmd!

  autocmd FileType css setlocal iskeyword+=-
augroup END

hail2u/vim-css3-syntax

ap/vim-css-color

Plug "pangloss/vim-javascript"

let g:javascript_plugin_jsdoc = 1
let g:javascript_plugin_ngdoc = 1
let g:javascript_plugin_flow = 1
set foldmethod=syntax
let g:javascript_conceal_function             = "ƒ"
let g:javascript_conceal_null                 = "ø"
let g:javascript_conceal_this                 = "@"
let g:javascript_conceal_return               = "⇚"
let g:javascript_conceal_undefined            = "¿"
let g:javascript_conceal_NaN                  = "ℕ"
let g:javascript_conceal_prototype            = "¶"
let g:javascript_conceal_static               = "•"
let g:javascript_conceal_super                = "Ω"
let g:javascript_conceal_arrow_function       = "⇒"
let g:javascript_conceal_noarg_arrow_function = "?"
let g:javascript_conceal_underscore_arrow_function = "?"
set conceallevel=1

pangloss/vim-javascript

Plug "maksimr/vim-jsbeautify"

autocmd FileType html noremap   :call HtmlBeautify()

js-beautify

Plug "mxw/vim-jsx"

let g:jsx_ext_required = 0

mxw/vim-jsx

Plug "prettier/vim-prettier", {
   "do": "yarn install",
   "for": ["javascript", "typescript", "css", "less", "scss", "json", "graphql", "markdown"] }

let g:prettier#config#bracket_spacing = "true"
let g:prettier#config#jsx_bracket_same_line = "false"
let g:prettier#config#trailing_comma = "es5"
let g:prettier#autoformat = 0
autocmd BufWritePre *.js,*.jsx,*.mjs,*.ts,*.tsx,*.css,*.less,*.scss,*.json,*.graphql,*md PrettierAsync

# :Prettier

prettier/vim-prettier

Plug "hotoo/pangu.vim"

# :Pangu

hotoo/pangu.vim

最后，提供 to-vim-tmux-zsh 仓库可供参考，其中，除包含 vim 的配置，还有 tmux 和 zsh 的分享