CSS代码检查工具stylelint

摘要：所以校验规则的行动迫在眉睫。是一个强大的现代检测器，可以让开发者在样式表中遵循一致的约定和避免错误。本文将详细介绍代码检查工具概述拥有超过条的规则，包括捕捉错误最佳实践控制可以使用的语言特性和强制代码风格规范。但是，该命令一定要慎用。

前面的话

　　CSS不能算是严格意义的编程语言，但是在前端体系中却不能小觑。 CSS 是以描述为主的样式表，如果描述得混乱、没有规则，对于其他开发者一定是一个定时炸弹，特别是有强迫症的人群。CSS 看似简单，想要写出漂亮的 CSS 还是相当困难。所以校验 CSS 规则的行动迫在眉睫。stylelint是一个强大的现代 CSS 检测器，可以让开发者在样式表中遵循一致的约定和避免错误。本文将详细介绍CSS代码检查工具stylelint

概述

　　stylelint拥有超过150条的规则，包括捕捉错误、最佳实践、控制可以使用的语言特性和强制代码风格规范。它支持最新的CSS语法，并且灵活可配置

Vue

　　下面在Vue框架下安装使用stylelint

　　1、安装stylelint、stylint-config-standard和stylelint-order

npm install stylelint --save-dev
npm install stylelint-config-standard --save-dev
npm install stylelint-order --save-dev

　　其中，stylelint是运行工具，stylelint-config-standard是stylelint的推荐配置，stylelint-order是CSS属性排序插件

　　安装完成后，package.json文件中会自动添加如下字段

    "stylelint": "^9.1.3",
    "stylelint-config-standard": "^18.2.0",
    "stylelint-order": "^0.8.1",

　　2、在根目录下创建.stylelintrc配置文件

{ 
  "extends": "stylelint-config-standard", 
  "plugins": ["stylelint-order"],
  "rules": {
    "order/order": [
      "declarations",
      "custom-properties",
      "dollar-variables",
      "rules",
      "at-rules"
    ],
    "order/properties-order": [
      "position",
      "z-index",      
      "top",
      "bottom",
      "left",         
      "right",
      "float",
      "clear",
      "columns",
      "columns-width",
      "columns-count",
      "column-rule",
      "column-rule-width",
      "column-rule-style",
      "column-rule-color",
      "column-fill",
      "column-span",
      "column-gap",      
      "display",
      "grid",
      "grid-template-rows",
      "grid-template-columns",
      "grid-template-areas",
      "grid-auto-rows",
      "grid-auto-columns",
      "grid-auto-flow",
      "grid-column-gap",
      "grid-row-gap",
      "grid-template",
      "grid-template-rows",
      "grid-template-columns",
      "grid-template-areas",
      "grid-gap",
      "grid-row-gap",
      "grid-column-gap",
      "grid-area",
      "grid-row-start",
      "grid-row-end",
      "grid-column-start",
      "grid-column-end",
      "grid-column",
      "grid-column-start",
      "grid-column-end",
      "grid-row",
      "grid-row-start",
      "grid-row-end",      
      "flex",
      "flex-grow",
      "flex-shrink",
      "flex-basis",
      "flex-flow",
      "flex-direction",
      "flex-wrap",
      "justify-content",
      "align-content",
      "align-items",
      "align-self",
      "order",
      "table-layout",
      "empty-cells",
      "caption-side",
      "border-collapse",
      "border-spacing",
      "list-style",
      "list-style-type",
      "list-style-position",
      "list-style-image",
      "ruby-align",
      "ruby-merge",
      "ruby-position",
      "box-sizing",
      "width",
      "min-width",
      "max-width",
      "height",
      "min-height",
      "max-height",
      "padding",
      "padding-top",
      "padding-right",
      "padding-bottom",
      "padding-left",
      "margin",
      "margin-top",
      "margin-right",
      "margin-bottom",
      "margin-left",      
      "border",
      "border-width",
      "border-top-width",
      "border-right-width",
      "border-bottom-width",
      "border-left-width",
      "border-style",
      "border-top-style",
      "border-right-style",
      "border-bottom-style",
      "border-left-style",
      "border-color",
      "border-top-color",
      "border-right-color",
      "border-bottom-color",
      "border-left-color",
      "border-image",
      "border-image-source",
      "border-image-slice",
      "border-image-width",
      "border-image-outset",
      "border-image-repeat",
      "border-top",
      "border-top-width",
      "border-top-style",
      "border-top-color",
      "border-top",
      "border-right-width",
      "border-right-style",
      "border-right-color",
      "border-bottom",
      "border-bottom-width",
      "border-bottom-style",
      "border-bottom-color",
      "border-left",
      "border-left-width",
      "border-left-style",
      "border-left-color",
      "border-radius",
      "border-top-right-radius",
      "border-bottom-right-radius",
      "border-bottom-left-radius",
      "border-top-left-radius",
      "outline",
      "outline-width",
      "outline-color",
      "outline-style",
      "outline-offset",
      "overflow",
      "overflow-x",
      "overflow-y",
      "resize",
      "visibility",
      "font",
      "font-style",
      "font-variant",
      "font-weight",
      "font-stretch",
      "font-size",
      "font-family",
      "font-synthesis",
      "font-size-adjust",
      "font-kerning",        
      "line-height",
      "text-align",
      "text-align-last",
      "vertical-align",      
      "text-overflow",
      "text-justify",
      "text-transform",
      "text-indent",
      "text-emphasis",
      "text-emphasis-style",
      "text-emphasis-color",
      "text-emphasis-position",
      "text-decoration",
      "text-decoration-color",
      "text-decoration-style",
      "text-decoration-line",
      "text-underline-position",
      "text-shadow",      
      "white-space",
      "overflow-wrap",
      "word-wrap",
      "word-break",
      "line-break",
      "hyphens",
      "letter-spacing",
      "word-spacing",
      "quotes",
      "tab-size",
      "orphans",
      "writing-mode",
      "text-combine-upright",
      "unicode-bidi",
      "text-orientation",
      "direction",
      "text-rendering",
      "font-feature-settings",
      "font-language-override",
      "image-rendering",
      "image-orientation",
      "image-resolution",
      "shape-image-threshold",
      "shape-outside",
      "shape-margin",
      "color",
      "background",
      "background-image",
      "background-position",
      "background-size",
      "background-repeat",
      "background-origin",
      "background-clip",
      "background-attachment",
      "background-color",
      "background-blend-mode",
      "isolation",
      "clip-path",
      "mask",
      "mask-image",
      "mask-mode",
      "mask-position",
      "mask-size",
      "mask-repeat",
      "mask-origin",
      "mask-clip",
      "mask-composite",
      "mask-type",
      "filter",
      "box-shadow",
      "opacity",
      "transform-style",
      "transform",
      "transform-box",
      "transform-origin",
      "perspective",
      "perspective-origin",
      "backface-visibility",
      "transition",
      "transition-property",
      "transition-duration",
      "transition-timing-function",
      "transition-delay",
      "animation",
      "animation-name",
      "animation-duration",
      "animation-timing-function",
      "animation-delay",
      "animation-iteration-count",
      "animation-direction",
      "animation-fill-mode",
      "animation-play-state",
      "scroll-behavior",
      "scroll-snap-type",
      "scroll-snap-destination",
      "scroll-snap-coordinate",
      "cursor",
      "touch-action",
      "caret-color",
      "ime-mode",
      "object-fit",
      "object-position",
      "content",
      "counter-reset",
      "counter-increment",
      "will-change",
      "pointer-events",
      "all",
      "page-break-before",
      "page-break-after",
      "page-break-inside",
      "widows"
    ],    
    "no-empty-source": null,
    "property-no-vendor-prefix": [true, {"ignoreProperties": ["background-clip"]}],
    "number-leading-zero": "never",
    "number-no-trailing-zeros": true,
    "length-zero-no-unit": true,
    "value-list-comma-space-after": "always",
    "declaration-colon-space-after": "always",
    "value-list-max-empty-lines": 0,
    "shorthand-property-no-redundant-values": true,
    "declaration-block-no-duplicate-properties": true,
    "declaration-block-no-redundant-longhand-properties": true,
    "declaration-block-semicolon-newline-after": "always",
    "block-closing-brace-newline-after": "always",
    "media-feature-colon-space-after": "always",
    "media-feature-range-operator-space-after": "always",
    "at-rule-name-space-after": "always",
    "indentation": 2,
    "no-eol-whitespace": true,
    "string-no-newline": null
  }
}

　　3、使用stylelint验证CSS代码即可，如验证src目录下的所有vue文件

react

　　react中使用styled-components来书写CSS代码，stylelint同样提供了插件来校验CSS

　　1、安装stylelint、stylelint-processor-styled-components、stylelint-config-styled-components、stylelint-config-recommend、stylelint-order

npm install --save-dev stylelint@9.1.3
npm install --save-dev stylelint-processor-styled-components
npm install --save-dev stylelint-config-styled-components
npm install --save-dev stylelint-config-recommended
npm install --save-dev stylelint-order

　　注意： 由于stylelint更新到9.2版本后，导致styled-components中的CSS代码无法正常校验，所以稳妥起见，使用9.1.3版本的stylelint

　　2、在根目录下新建配置文件.stylelintrc

{
  "processors": ["stylelint-processor-styled-components"],
  "extends": [
    "stylelint-config-recommended",
    "stylelint-config-styled-components"
  ],
  "plugins": ["stylelint-order"],
  "rules": {
    "order/order": [
      "declarations",
      "custom-properties",
      "dollar-variables",
      "rules",
      "at-rules"
    ],
...
}

　　3、同样地，使用stylelint命令即可校验

注意事项

　　1、fix命令

　　在stylelint的150多条规则中，使用fix命令，可以自动修复一些命令。但是，该fix命令一定要慎用。笔者在使用fix命令后，stylelint将React工程中的所有js文件里的代码全部清除，只留着了下可以识别的css部分

stylelint **/*.js --fix

　　2、配置scripts

　　可以在package.json中配置stylelint的快捷方式

  "scripts": {
    "lintcss": "stylelint src/**/*.js"
  }

　　这样，使用npm run lintcss 命令即可实现相同效果

 　　3、如果提示如下错误

Error: No configuration provided for

　　是因为在根路径下没有发现配置文件，如.stylelintrc