常用sql语句整理：mysql

摘要：增增加一张表增加记录增加字段增加索引主键唯一索引普通索引全文索引删逐行删除清空整张表删除表删除字段删除索引改变更数据变更字段变更变更字段值为另一张表的某个值查普通查询关联查询合计函数条件查询关键字无法与合计函数一起使用同一个实例下跨库查询复

增加一张表

CREATE TABLE `table_name`(
  ...
  )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

增加记录

INSERT INTO `your_table_name`(`column_name`)
VALUES
("your_value_one"),
("your_value_two");

增加字段

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
ADD `your_column_name` ...
AFTER `column_name`;

增加索引

主键

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
ADD PRIMARY KEY your_index_name(your_column_name);

唯一索引

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
ADD UNIQUE your_index_name(your_column_name);

普通索引

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
ADD INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name);

全文索引

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
ADD FULLTEXT your_index_name(your_column_name);

逐行删除

DELETE FORM `table_name`
WHERE ...;

清空整张表

TRUNCATE TABLE `your_table_name`;

删除表

DROP TABLE `your_table_name`;

删除字段

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
DROP `column_name`;

删除索引

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
DROP INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name);

变更数据

UPDATE `table_name`
SET column_name=your_value
WHERE ...;

变更字段

ALTER TABLE `your_table_name`
CHANGE `your_column_name` `your_column_name` ...(变更);

变更字段值为另一张表的某个值

UPDATE `your_table_name`
AS a
JOIN `your_another_table_name`
AS b
SET a.column = b.another_column
WHERE a.id = b.a_id...;

普通查询

SELECT `column_name_one`, `column_name_two`
FROM `table_name`;

关联查询

SELECT *
FROM `your_table_name`
AS a
JOIN `your_anther_table_name`
AS b
WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name...;

合计函数条件查询：WHERE 关键字无法与合计函数一起使用

SELECT aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM your_table_name
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name)...;

同一个实例下跨库查询

SELECT *
FROM database_name.your_table_name
AS a
JOIN anther_database_name.your_anther_table_name
AS b
WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name...;

CREATE `your_table_name`
LIKE `destination_table_name`;

CREATE `your_table_name`
LIKE `destination_table_name`;

INSERT INTO `your_table_name`
SELECT *
FROM `destination_table_name`;

登陆： mysql -h host -u username -p

列出数据库：SHOW DATABESES;

列出表：SHOW TABLES;

表结构：DESC table_name;

使用一个数据库：USE database_name;

导入：source "file";

导出：mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p "database_name" "table_name" --where="condition" > file_name.sql;

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