HTML之表单

bang590 发布于2019-04-23 13:12 / 1628人阅读

摘要：表单元素是允许用户在表单中输入内容比如文本域下拉列表单选框复选框等等。文本域文本域通过标签来设定，当用户要在表单中键入字母数字等内容时，就会用到文本域。

表单：

表单是一个包含表单元素的区域。

表单元素是允许用户在表单中输入内容,比如：文本域(textarea)、下拉列表、单选框(radio-buttons)、复选框(checkboxes)等等。

表单使用表单标签

来设置:

<form>
.
input 元素
.
form>

表单标签：

标签	描述
	定义供用户输入的表单
	定义输入域
</td> <td>定义文本域 (一个多行的输入控件)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><label></td> <td>定义了 <input> 元素的标签，一般为输入标题</td> </tr> <tr> <td><fieldset></td> <td>定义了一组相关的表单元素，并使用外框包含起来</td> </tr> <tr> <td><legend></td> <td>定义了 <fieldset> 元素的标题</td> </tr> <tr> <td><select></td> <td>定义了下拉选项列表</td> </tr> <tr> <td><optgroup></td> <td>定义选项组</td> </tr> <tr> <td><option></td> <td>定义下拉列表中的选项</td> </tr> <tr> <td><button></td> <td>定义一个点击按钮</td> </tr> <tr> <td><datalist><span class="new">New</span></td> <td>指定一个预先定义的输入控件选项列表</td> </tr> <tr> <td><keygen><span class="new">New</span></td> <td>定义了表单的密钥对生成器字段</td> </tr> <tr> <td><output><span class="new">New</span></td> <td>定义一个计算结果</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>输入元素</h2> <p>多数情况下被用到的表单标签是输入标签（<input>）。输入类型是由类型属性（type）定义的。</p> <h2>文本域（Text Fields）</h2> <p>文本域通过<input type="text"> 标签来设定，当用户要在表单中键入字母、数字等内容时，就会用到文本域。</p> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> First name: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="firstname"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Last name: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="lastname"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <p>注意：文本域的缺省宽度是20个字符。</p> <h2>密码字段</h2> <p>密码字段通过标签<input type="password"> 来定义:</p> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Password: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="password"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="pwd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <p>注意：密码字段字符不会明文显示，而是以星号或圆点替代。</p> <h2>单选按钮（Radio Buttons）</h2> <p><input type="radio"> 标签定义了表单单选框选项</p> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="radio"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sex"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="male"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Male<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="radio"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sex"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="female"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">Female </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>复选框（Checkboxes）</h2> <p><input type="checkbox"> 定义了复选框. 用户需要从若干给定的选择中选取一个或若干选项。</p> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="checkbox"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="vehicle"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Bike"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>I have a bike<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="checkbox"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="vehicle"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Car"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">I have a car </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>提交按钮(Submit Button)</h2> <p><input type="submit"> 定义了提交按钮.</p> <p>当用户单击确认按钮时，表单的内容会被传送到另一个文件。表单的动作属性定义了目的文件的文件名。由动作属性定义的这个文件通常会对接收到的输入数据进行相关的处理。:</p> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="input"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="html_form_action.php"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> method</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="get"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Username: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="user"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="submit"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Submit"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>简单的下拉列表</h2> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">=""</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">select </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="cars"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="volvo"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Volvo<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="saab"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Saab<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="fiat"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Fiat<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="audi"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Audi<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">select</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>预选下拉列表</h2> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">=""</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">select </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="cars"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="volvo"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Volvo<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="saab"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Saab<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="fiat"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> selected</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Fiat<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">option </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="audi"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>Audi<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">option</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">select</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>文本域</h2> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">textarea </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">rows</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="10"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> cols</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="30"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> 我是一个文本框。 </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">textarea</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>带有复选框的表单：</h2> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="demo-form.php"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> method</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="get"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="checkbox"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="vehicle[]"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Bike"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> I have a bike<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="checkbox"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="vehicle[]"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Car"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> checked</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="checked"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> I have a car<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="submit"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="提交"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>带有单选按钮的表单：</h2> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="demo-form.php"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> method</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="get"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="radio"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sex"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Male"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> Male<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="radio"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sex"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Female"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> checked</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="checked"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> Female<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="submit"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="提交"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>从表单发送电子邮件：</h2> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">h3</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>发送邮件到 someone@example.com:<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">h3</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="MAILTO:someone@example.com"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> method</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="post"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> enctype</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text/plain"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Name:</span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="name"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="your name"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> E-mail:</span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="mail"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="your email"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Comment:</span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="comment"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="your comment"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> size</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="50"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="submit"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="发送"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="reset"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="重置"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <h2>重置按钮</h2> <p><input type="reset">定义重置按钮</p> <p><input type="reset" name="button" id="button" value="重置"></p> <p>点击之后会将重置按钮所在的表单中填写的内容重新设置为默认值。</p> <pre><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">form </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="demo-form.php"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Email: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="email"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> Pin: </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="pin"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> maxlength</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="4"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><</span><span style="color: #800000;">br</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="reset"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="重置"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">input </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">type</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="submit"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="提交"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">form</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">p</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>点击重置按钮重新设置表单。<span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">p</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span> <span style="color: #0000ff;"></</span><span style="color: #800000;">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></pre> <p> </p> </div> <div class="mt-64 tags-seach" > <div class="tags-info"> <a style="width:120px;" title="GPU云服务器" href="https://www.ucloud.cn/site/product/gpu.html">GPU云服务器</a> <a style="width:120px;" title="云服务器" href="https://www.ucloud.cn/site/active/kuaijiesale.html?ytag=seo">云服务器</a> <a style="width:120px;" title="html 凹形之体" href="https://www.ucloud.cn/yun/tag/html aoxingzhiti/">html 凹形之体</a> <a style="width:120px;" title="html5新特性之webrtc" href="https://www.ucloud.cn/yun/tag/html5xintexingzhiwebrtc/">html5新特性之webrtc</a> <a style="width:120px;" title="html表单" href="https://www.ucloud.cn/yun/tag/htmlbiaodan/">html表单</a> <a style="width:120px;" title="树形表单 html" href="https://www.ucloud.cn/yun/tag/shuxingbiaodan html/">树形表单 html</a> </div> </div> <div class="entry-copyright mb-30"> <p class="mb-15"> 文章版权归作者所有，未经允许请勿转载,若此文章存在违规行为，您可以联系管理员删除。</p> 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