AUDIT_TRAIL = { none | os | db | db,extended | xml | xml,extended }查看当前数据库审计：
SYS@hfdr>show parameter audit_trail
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
audit_trail string DB可是更改audit_trail参数需要重启数据库，就可以使用细粒度审计(FGA：Fine Grained Auditing)来进行实现。
DBMS_FGA.ADD_POLICY(
object_schema IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL
object_name IN VARCHAR2,
policy_name IN VARCHAR2,
audit_condition IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
audit_column IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL
handler_schema IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
handler_module IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,
enable IN BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
statement IN SELECT，
audit_trail IN BINARY_INTEGER DEFAULT NULL，
audit_column_opts IN BINARY_INTEGER DEFAULT ANY_COLUMNS，
policy_owner IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL);BEGIN
DBMS_FGA.ADD_POLICY(
object_schema => HR,
object_name => EMPLOYEES,
policy_name => chk_hr_employees,
audit_column => SALARY,
enable => TRUE,
statement_types => INSERT, UPDATE, SELECT, DELETE);
END;
/ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select * from zy;
ID NAME ADDR
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 zhangyu6 hefei
2 zhangyu4 hefei
3 zhangyu4444 hefei
4 zhangyu3 hefei
5 zhangyu2 hefei
6 zhangyu1 hefeiBEGIN
DBMS_FGA.ADD_POLICY(
object_schema => ZHANGYUN,
object_name => ZY,
policy_name => chk_zhangyun_zy,
audit_column => name,
enable => TRUE,
statement_types => INSERT, UPDATE, SELECT, DELETE);
END;
/创建完之后验证创建是否成功
ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select policy_name from dba_audit_policies;
POLICY_NAME
------------------------------
CHK_ZHANGYUN_ZY查看审计是否有效
ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select * from zy where name=zhangyu1;
ID NAME ADDR
---------- -------------------- --------------------
6 zhangyu1 hefei
ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select * from zy;
ID NAME ADDR
---------- -------------------- --------------------
1 zhangyu6 hefei
2 zhangyu4 hefei
3 zhangyu4444 hefei
4 zhangyu3 hefei
5 zhangyu2 hefei
6 zhangyu1 hefei
ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select id from zy;
ID
----------
1
2
3
4
5
6
ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select id from zy where name=zhangyu1;
ID
----------
6ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
select * from zy where name=zhangyu1
select * from zy
select id from zy where name=zhangyu1DBMS_FGA.DROP_POLICY(
object_schema VARCHAR2,
object_name VARCHAR2,
policy_name IVARCHAR2);6.2 下面我们来删除已经创建的FGA审计
BEGIN
DBMS_FGA.DROP_POLICY(
object_schema => zhangyun,
object_name => zy,
policy_name => chk_zhangyun_zy);
END;
/select policy_name from dba_audit_policies;ZHANGYUN@hfdr>select sql_text from dba_fga_audit_trail;
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
select * from zy where name=zhangyu1
select * from zy
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