摘要:命令为关闭显示命令,为开启显示命令包含两个字节,第一个为命令字,第二个为设置值,第二个字节的表示电荷泵的开关状态,该位为开启电荷泵,为则关闭。命令用于设置显示时的起始列地址低四位。这也决定了字模选择的取模方式为列行式。
OLED即有机发光管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,OLED)。OLED显示技术具有自发光、广视角、几乎无穷高的对比度、较低功耗、极高反应速度、可用于绕曲性面板、使用温度范围广、构造及制程简单等有点,被认为是下一代的平面显示屏新兴应用技术。
OLED显示和传统的LCD显示不同,其可以自发光,所以不需要背光灯,这使得OLED显示屏相对于LCD显示屏尺寸更薄,同时显示效果更优。
常用的OLED屏幕有蓝色、黄色、白色等几种。屏的大小为0.96寸,像素点为128*64,所以我们称为0.96oled屏或者12864屏。
1.模块尺寸:23.7 *23.8mm
2.电源电压:3.3-5.5V
3.驱动芯片:SSD1306
4.测试平台:提供 k60/k10,9s12XS128,51,stm32,stm8等单片机
OLED本身是没有显存的,他的现存是依赖SSD1306提供的,而SSD1306提供一块显存。
SSD1306显存总共为128*64bit大小,SSD1306将这些显存分成了8页。每页包含了128个字节。
STM32内部建立一个缓存(共128*8个字节),每次修改的时候,只是修改STM32上的缓存(实际上就是SRAM),修改完后一次性把STM32上的缓存数据写入到OLED的GRAM。
这个方法也有坏处,对于SRAM很小的单片机(51系列)就比较麻烦。
命令0X81: 设置对比度。包含两个字节,第一个0X81为命令,随后方法是的一个字节要设置这个对比度,值越大屏幕越亮。
命令0XAE/0XAF: 0XAE为关闭显示命令,0XAF为开启显示命令
0X8D: 包含两个字节,第一个为命令字,第二个为设置值,第二个字节的BIT2表示电荷泵的开关状态,该位为1开启电荷泵,为0则关闭。模块初始化的时候,这个必须要开启,否则看不到屏幕显示。
命令0XB0~B7:用于设置页地址,其低三位的值对应GRAM页地址。
命令0X00~0X0F:用于设置显示时的起始列地址低四位。
命令0X10~0X1F: 用于设置显示时的起始列地址高四位。
OLED点阵的点亮方式,举个显示”P”的例子,最左边位最高位P7。
1.可以看出,要想显示”P”,首先写入0x1f,则显示一个竖杠,之后控制器自动水平移动到下一列。
2.再写入0X05,则出现两个小横杆,这个两个横杆就是0X05中0000 0101中两个1所处的位置,写完第二列后,控制器自动跳到第三列.
3.再写入0X07,第四列写入0X00后,P就显示出来了。这也说明,即使你只想再一列的最上端显示一个小点,即写入0X01.
4.即你不能一次性控制一个点阵,只能一次性控制八位点阵,即一列点阵。这也决定了字模选择的取模方式为“列行式“。
#include "stm32f10x.h"#include "SysTick.h"#include "oled.h"int main(){ unsigned char i = 0; initSysTick(); I2C_Config(); OLED_Init(); delay_ms(2000); OLED_Fill(0XFF); //ÆÁÄ»ÁÁ delay_ms(2000); OLED_Fill(0X00); //ÆÁÄ»Ãð delay_ms(2000); // OLED_ShowStr(0, 3, "Hello World", 1);// OLED_ShowStr(0, 4, "Hello World", 2); while (1) { for(i=0;i<3;i++) { OLED_ShowLJJ(i*16, 0, i); } }}
#ifndef _OLED_H_#define _OLED_H_#include "stm32f10x.h"#define OLED_ADDRESS 0x78void I2C_Config(void);void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr,uint8_t data);void I2C_WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command);void I2C_WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data);void OLED_Init(void);void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x,unsigned char y);void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data);void OLED_CLS(void);void OLED_ON(void);void OLED_OFF(void);void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char ch[],unsigned TextSize);void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char N);void OLED_ShowMouMou(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N);#endif
#include "stm32f10x.h"#include "oled.h"#include "delay.h"#include "codetab.h"/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºI2CÅäÖà *²ÎÊý£ºvoid *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void I2C_Config(void){ GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_initStruct; I2C_InitTypeDef I2C_initStruct; RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB , ENABLE); RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1 , ENABLE); //PB6 -- SCL PB7 -- SDA GPIO_initStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD; GPIO_initStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7; GPIO_initStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_initStruct); I2C_DeInit(I2C1); I2C_initStruct.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable; //Ó¦´ðÊÇ·ñʹÄÜ I2C_initStruct.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit; //µØÖ·£¬Êý¾ÝλÊǶàÉÙ£¬ÓÐ7bitºÍ10bit I2C_initStruct.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000; //ʱÖÓËÙ¶È 400Kb I2C_initStruct.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2; // 2:1 »òÕß16:9¶¼ÐÐ I2C_initStruct.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C; //ģʽI2Cģʽ I2C_initStruct.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x30; //Ö÷»úµØÖ·£¬0x30Ëæ±ã¸øµÄ I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_initStruct); I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºI2Cд×Ö½Ú *²ÎÊý£ºaddr µØÖ·£¬data Êý¾Ý *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid *//* ΪɶÏÂÃæûEV8_2¾ÍÖ±½Ó¹Ø±ÕÁË£¬ÓÐwhileÑ»·»áµÈ´ýдÍ꣬ËùÒÔû±ØÒª */void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr,uint8_t data){ while( I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY)); //¼ì²éI2C×ÜÏßÊÇ·ñ·±Ã¦ I2C_GenerateSTART( I2C1, ENABLE); //¿ªÆôI2C1 while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT )); //EV5 Ö÷ģʽ I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS , I2C_Direction_Transmitter ); //·¢ËÍÆ÷¼þµØÖ· while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED )); //EV6 I2C_SendData( I2C1 , addr ); //¼Ä´æÆ÷µØÖ· while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING )); //EV8 I2C_SendData( I2C1 , data ); //Òª·¢Ë͵ÄÊý¾Ý while( !I2C_CheckEvent( I2C1 , I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTING )); //EV8 I2C_GenerateSTOP( I2C1, ENABLE ); //¹Ø±ÕI2C×ÜÏß}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºÐ´ÃüÁî *²ÎÊý£ºI2C_Command ÐèҪдÈëµÄÃüÁî *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command){ I2C_WriteByte(0x00,I2C_Command);}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºÐ´Êý¾Ý *²ÎÊý£ºI2C_Data ÐèҪдÈëµÄÊý¾Ý *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void WriteData(unsigned char I2C_Data){ I2C_WriteByte(0x40,I2C_Data);}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£º³õʼ»¯OLED *²ÎÊý£ºvoid *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void OLED_Init(void){ delay_ms(100); WriteCmd(0xAE); //display off WriteCmd(0x20); //Set Memory Addressing Mode WriteCmd(0x10); //00,Horizontal Addressing Mode;01,Vertical Addressing Mode;10,Page Addressing Mode (RESET);11,Invalid WriteCmd(0xb0); //Set Page Start Address for Page Addressing Mode,0-7 WriteCmd(0xc8); //Set COM Output Scan Direction WriteCmd(0x00); //---set low column address WriteCmd(0x10); //---set high column address WriteCmd(0x40); //--set start line address WriteCmd(0x81); //--set contrast control register WriteCmd(0xff); //ÁÁ¶Èµ÷½Ú 0x00~0xff WriteCmd(0xa1); //--set segment re-map 0 to 127 WriteCmd(0xa6); //--set normal display WriteCmd(0xa8); //--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64) WriteCmd(0x3F); // WriteCmd(0xa4); //0xa4,Output follows RAM content;0xa5,Output ignores RAM content WriteCmd(0xd3); //-set display offset WriteCmd(0x00); //-not offset WriteCmd(0xd5); //--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency WriteCmd(0xf0); //--set divide ratio WriteCmd(0xd9); //--set pre-charge period WriteCmd(0x22); // WriteCmd(0xda); //--set com pins hardware configuration WriteCmd(0x12); WriteCmd(0xdb); //--set vcomh WriteCmd(0x20); //0x20,0.77xVcc WriteCmd(0x8d); //--set DC-DC enable WriteCmd(0x14); // WriteCmd(0xaf); //--turn on oled panel}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºÉèÖÃ×ø±ê *²ÎÊý£ºx xÖᣬy yÖá *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x,unsigned char y){ WriteCmd(0xb0 + y); WriteCmd((x&0xf0)>>4|0x10); WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x01);}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºÈ«ÆÁÌî³ä *²ÎÊý£ºFill_Data ÐèÒªÌî³äµÄÊý¾Ý *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void OLED_Fill(unsigned char Fill_Data){ unsigned char n; unsigned char m; for(m=0;m<8;m++) { WriteCmd(0xb0 + m); WriteCmd(0x00); WriteCmd(0x10); for(n=0;n<128;n++) { WriteData(Fill_Data); } }}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£ºÇåÆÁ *²ÎÊý£ºvoid *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void OLED_CLS(void){ OLED_Fill(0x00);}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£º¿ªÆôOLED *²ÎÊý£ºvoid *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void OLED_ON(void){ WriteCmd(0x8D); //ÉèÖõçºÉ±Ã WriteCmd(0x14); //¿ªÆôµçºÉ±Ã WriteCmd(0xAF); //¿ªÆôÏÔʾ}/** *¹¦ÄÜ£º¹Ø±ÕOLED *²ÎÊý£ºvoid *·µ»ØÖµ£ºvoid */void OLED_OFF(void){ WriteCmd(0x8D); //ÉèÖõçºÉ±Ã WriteCmd(0x10); //¹Ø±ÕµçºÉ±Ã WriteCmd(0xAE); //¹Ø±ÕÏÔʾ}void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char ch[],unsigned TextSize){ unsigned char c = 0; unsigned char i = 0; unsigned char j = 0; switch(TextSize) //Ñ¡Ôñģʽ { case 1: { while(ch[j] != "/0") //ÅжÏÊÇ·ñµ½´ï×îºóһλ { c = ch[j] - 32; //´óСдת»» if(x > 126) //ÅжÏÆÁÄ»ÊÇ·ñ·ÅµÃÏÂ,OLEDÊÇ128*8×Ö½Ú { x = 0; y++; } OLED_SetPos(x,y);//ÉèÖÃ×ø±ê for(i=0;i<6;i++) { WriteData(F6x8[c][i]); } x+=6; j++; } }break; case 2: { while(ch[j] != "/0") //ÅжÏÊÇ·ñµ½´ï×îºóһλ { c = ch[j] - 32; //´óСдת»» if(x > 120) //ÅжÏÆÁÄ»ÊÇ·ñ·ÅµÃÏÂ,OLEDÊÇ128*8×Ö½Ú { x = 0; y++; } OLED_SetPos(x,y); //ÉèÖÃ×ø±ê for(i=0;i<8;i++) //ÒòΪÊÇ16½øÖƵÄËùÒÔ·ÖΪÁ½¸ö8λÀ´Ð´£¬ÕâÊÇÉϰ벿·Ö { WriteData(F8X16[c*16+i]); } OLED_SetPos(x,y+1); //ÉèÖÃ×ø±ê Èç¹ûÕâÀïÉèÖõÄÊÇy²»ÊÇy+1»áµ¼ÖÂÏÔʾµÄ×Ö·û´®Ö»ÏÔʾһ°ë for(i=0;i<8;i++) //Ìøתµ½ÏÂÒ»Ò³£¬ÕâÊÇÏ°벿·Ö { WriteData(F8X16[c*16+i+8]); } x+=8; j++; } }break; }} void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x,unsigned y,unsigned char N){ unsigned char i; unsigned int addr = 32*N; OLED_SetPos(x,y); for(i=0;i<16;i++) { WriteData(F16X16[addr]); addr += 1; } OLED_SetPos(x,y+1); for(i=0;i<16;i++) { WriteData(F16X16[addr]); addr += 1; }} void OLED_ShowMouMou(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char N){ unsigned char i; unsigned int addr = 32*N; OLED_SetPos(x,y); for(i=0;i<16;i++) { WriteData(MouMou[addr]); addr += 1; } OLED_SetPos(x,y+1); for(i=0;i<16;i++) { WriteData(MouMou[addr]); addr += 1; } }
//unsigned char F16X16[] =//{// 0x10,0x60,0x02,0x8C,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 0x04,0x04,0x7E,0x01,0x40,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x42,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x40,0x00,/*"ζÈ",0*/// 0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFC,0x25,0x26,0x24,0xFC,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x00,// 0x40,0x30,0x8F,0x80,0x84,0x4C,0x55,0x25,0x25,0x25,0x55,0x4C,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,/*"ʪ¶È",1*///};unsigned char F16X16[] ={ 0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30,0x00,0x00, 0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x08,0x0A,0x09,0x09,0x09,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x08,0x00,/*"ßè",0*/ 0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30,0x00,0x00, 0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x08,0x0A,0x09,0x09,0x09,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x08,0x00,/*"ßè",1*/};unsigned char MouMou[] ={ 0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30,0x00,0x00, 0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x04,0x0F,0x08,0x0A,0x09,0x09,0x09,0xFF,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x08,0x00,/*"ßè",0*/ 0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0xD8,0x14,0x13,0xF0,0x14,0x18,0x30
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