摘要:这里的其实不需要自己写,已经有好的实现了引入修改组件完整源码组件资源源码
0x000 概述
前面虽然简单的讲了如何在react中集成redux,但是那只是简单的讲讲而已,这一章将会仔细讲讲如何在react中使用reudx
0x001 问题分析查看前边的栗子:
import {createStore} from "redux" import React from "react" import ReactDom from "react-dom" //reducer const counter = (state = 0, action) => { switch (action.type) { case ACTION_INCREMENT: return state + 1 case ACTION_DECREMENT: return state - 1 default: return state } } // action const ACTION_INCREMENT = "INCREMENT" const ACTION_DECREMENT = "DECREMENT" // action creator const increment = () => ({ type: ACTION_INCREMENT }) const decrement = () => ({ type: ACTION_DECREMENT }) // store const store = createStore(counter) // react // // 组件 class App extends React.Component { constructor() { super() // 初始化 state this.state = { counter: 0 } // 监听 store 变化, store 变化的时候更新 counter this.unSub=store.subscribe(() => { this.setState({ counter: store.getState() }) }) } // 组件销毁的时候取消订阅 componentWillUnmount(){ this.unSub() } render() { return} } ReactDom.render({this.state.counter}
, document.getElementById("app") )
为了让组件可以响应redux的变化,我们写了一些代码:
.... // 监听 store 变化, store 变化的时候更新 counter this.unSub=store.subscribe(() => { this.setState({ counter: store.getState() }) }) .... // 组件销毁的时候取消订阅 componentWillUnmount(){ this.unSub() }
如果我们有大量的组件需要绑定redux,那么写这些代码就显得非常冗余了
这一章要做的事就是优化掉这个东西
这里用了一个react的HOC,参数是一个组件,返回值也是一个组件,但是返回的组件被添加了一个props,也就是state。connect方法为每个组件添加了响应store数据变化的能力,在store.dispatch调用的时候,会修改组件的props,让组件重绘,从而达到react组件和redux绑定但是又不需要写太多样板代码
connect
const connect = (WrappedComponent) => { return class Control extends React.Component { constructor() { super() this.state = { state: 0 } this.unSub = store.subscribe(() => { this.setState({ state: store.getState() }) }) } componentWillUnmount() { this.unSub() } render() { return} } }
完整源码
import {createStore} from "redux" import React from "react" import ReactDom from "react-dom" //reducer const counter = (state = 0, action) => { switch (action.type) { case ACTION_INCREMENT: return state + 1 case ACTION_DECREMENT: return state - 1 default: return state } } // action const ACTION_INCREMENT = "INCREMENT" const ACTION_DECREMENT = "DECREMENT" // action creator const increment = () => ({ type: ACTION_INCREMENT }) const decrement = () => ({ type: ACTION_DECREMENT }) // store const store = createStore(counter) const connect = (WrappedComponent) => { return class Control extends React.Component { constructor() { super() this.state = { state: 0 } this.unSub = store.subscribe(() => { this.setState({ state: store.getState() }) }) } componentWillUnmount() { this.unSub() } render() { return0x003 加强connect方法,消除订阅整个state树的影响} } } // 子组件 class SubCom extends React.Component { render(){ return {this.props.state}
} } // 包裹这个组件 let ReduxSubCom=connect(SubCom) // react 组件 class App extends React.Component { constructor() { super() } render() { return} } // 包裹组件 let ReduxApp = connect(App) ReactDom.render(, document.getElementById("app") )
虽然已经实现了将state和组件绑定,但是我们绑定的是整个state,如果state树很大并且组件很多,那这个无畏的性能消耗太凶了。
修改redux结构
const counter = (state = {counter: 0, num: 0}, action) => { switch (action.type) { case ACTION_INCREMENT: return {...state, ...{counter: ++state.counter}} case ACTION_DECREMENT: return {...state, ...{counter: --state.counter}} default: return state } }
修改connect方法,返回一个函数,并修改props传参:
const connect = (mapStateToProps) => { return (WrappedComponent) => class Control extends React.Component { constructor() { super() this.state = { state: {} } this.unSub = store.subscribe(() => { let state = mapStateToProps(store.getState()) this.setState({ state: state }) }) } componentWillUnmount() { this.unSub() } render() { return} } }
修改APP组件中的props访问方式
class App extends React.Component { constructor() { super() } componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) { console.log(nextProps) } render() { return} }{this.props.counter}
修改connect调用
let ReduxApp = connect((state) => { return { counter: state.counter } })(App)0x004: 加强connect,让代码中不再调用store.dispatch,不在依赖redux
修改connect方法,除了吧state映射到props上,也把dispatch给映射上去了,这样组件就感受不到redux的存在了
const connect = (mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps) => { return (WrappedComponent) => class Control extends React.Component { constructor() { super() // 第一次初始化 let props = mapStateToProps(store.getState()) let actions = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch) this.state = { props: {...props,...actions} } this.unSub = store.subscribe(() => { // 变化的时候再次计算 let props = mapStateToProps(store.getState()) let actions = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch) this.setState({ props: {...props,...actions} }) }) } componentWillUnmount() { this.unSub() } render() { return} } }
修改connect调用,将dispatch映射到组件上
let ReduxApp = connect( (state) => { return { counter: state.counter } }, (dispatch) => { return { increment: () => dispatch(increment()), decrement: () => dispatch(decrement()), } } )(App)
修改App组件,不再使用store.dispatch,而是使用connect传递过来的dispatch,让组件不依赖redux
class App extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super() } render() { const {counter,increment,decrement}=this.props return} }{counter}
完整源码
import {createStore} from "redux" import React from "react" import ReactDom from "react-dom" //reducer const counter = (state = {counter: 0, num: 0}, action) => { switch (action.type) { case ACTION_INCREMENT: return {...state, ...{counter: ++state.counter}} case ACTION_DECREMENT: return {...state, ...{counter: --state.counter}} default: return state } } // action const ACTION_INCREMENT = "INCREMENT" const ACTION_DECREMENT = "DECREMENT" // action creator const increment = () => ({ type: ACTION_INCREMENT }) const decrement = () => ({ type: ACTION_DECREMENT }) // store const store = createStore(counter) const connect = (mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps) => { return (WrappedComponent) => class Control extends React.Component { constructor() { super() // 第一次初始化 let props = mapStateToProps(store.getState()) let actions = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch) this.state = { props: {...props,...actions} } this.unSub = store.subscribe(() => { // 变化的时候再次计算 let props = mapStateToProps(store.getState()) let actions = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch) this.setState({ props: {...props,...actions} }) }) } componentWillUnmount() { this.unSub() } render() { return0x004 reat-redux} } } // react 组件 class App extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super() } render() { const {counter,increment,decrement}=this.props return } } let ReduxApp = connect( (state) => { return { counter: state.counter } }, (dispatch) => { return { increment: () => dispatch(increment()), decrement: () => dispatch(decrement()), } } )(App) ReactDom.render({counter}
, document.getElementById("app") )
以上效果就和上一章的效果一致,是一个counter,在这里我们一步一步去除了样板代码,并将redux从组件中移除,如果只看App组件,根本感觉不到redux的存在,但redux又确实存在,如果有一天你要去掉redux,就可以做到不影响组件了。这里的connect其实不需要自己写,已经有好的实现了:react-redux
// 引入`react-redux` import {Provider, connect} from "react-redux" // 修改组件 ReactDom.render(, document.getElementById("app") )
完整源码
import {createStore} from "redux" import React from "react" import ReactDom from "react-dom" import {Provider, connect} from "react-redux" //reducer const counter = (state = {counter: 0, num: 0}, action) => { switch (action.type) { case ACTION_INCREMENT: return {...state, ...{counter: ++state.counter}} case ACTION_DECREMENT: return {...state, ...{counter: --state.counter}} default: return state } } // action const ACTION_INCREMENT = "INCREMENT" const ACTION_DECREMENT = "DECREMENT" // action creator const increment = () => ({ type: ACTION_INCREMENT }) const decrement = () => ({ type: ACTION_DECREMENT }) // store const store = createStore(counter) // react 组件 class App extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super() } render() { const {counter, increment, decrement} = this.props return0x005 资源} } let ReduxApp = connect( (state) => { return { counter: state.counter } }, (dispatch) => { return { increment: () => dispatch(increment()), decrement: () => dispatch(decrement()), } } )(App) ReactDom.render({counter}
, document.getElementById("app") )
源码
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