摘要:构建二叉树进行数值数组的去重及优化常见两层循环实现数组去重构建二叉树实现去重仅适用于数值类型的数组将先前遍历过的元素,构建成二叉树,树中每个结点都满足左子结点的值当前结点的值右子结点的值这样优化了判断元素是否之前出现过的过程若元素比当前结点
构建二叉树进行数值数组的去重及优化 常见两层循环实现数组去重
let arr = [11, 12, 13, 9, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 11, 7, 6, 4, 5, 2, 2] let newArr = [] for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { let unique = true for (let j = 0; j < newArr.length; j++) { if (newArr[j] === arr[i]) { unique = false break } } if (unique) { newArr.push(arr[i]) } } console.log(newArr)构建二叉树实现去重(仅适用于数值类型的数组)
将先前遍历过的元素,构建成二叉树,树中每个结点都满足:左子结点的值 < 当前结点的值 < 右子结点的值
这样优化了判断元素是否之前出现过的过程
若元素比当前结点大,只需要判断元素是否在结点的右子树中出现过即可
若元素比当前结点小,只需要判断元素是否在结点的左子树中出现过即可
let arr = [0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 6, 4,5, 2, 2] class Node { constructor(value) { this.value = value this.left = null this.right = null } } class BinaryTree { constructor() { this.root = null this.arr = [] } insert(value) { let node = new Node(value) if (!this.root) { this.root = node this.arr.push(value) return this.arr } let current = this.root while (true) { if (value > current.value) { if (current.right) { current = current.right } else { current.right = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value < current.value) { if (current.left) { current = current.left } else { current.left = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value === current.value) { break } } return this.arr } } let binaryTree = new BinaryTree() for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { binaryTree.insert(arr[i]) } console.log(binaryTree.arr)优化思路一,记录最大最小值
记录已经插入元素的最大最小值,若比最大元素大,或最小元素小,则直接插入
let arr = [11, 12, 13, 9, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 11, 7, 6, 4, 5, 2, 2] class Node { constructor(value) { this.value = value this.left = null this.right = null } } class BinaryTree { constructor() { this.root = null this.arr = [] this.max = null this.min = null } insert(value) { let node = new Node(value) if (!this.root) { this.root = node this.arr.push(value) this.max = value this.min = value return this.arr } if (value > this.max) { this.arr.push(value) this.max = value this.findMax().right = node return this.arr } if (value < this.min) { this.arr.push(value) this.min = value this.findMin().left = node return this.arr } let current = this.root while (true) { if (value > current.value) { if (current.right) { current = current.right } else { current.right = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value < current.value) { if (current.left) { current = current.left } else { current.left = node this.arr.push(value) break } } if (value === current.value) { break } } return this.arr } findMax() { let current = this.root while (current.right) { current = current.right } return current } findMin() { let current = this.root while (current.left) { current = current.left } return current } } let binaryTree = new BinaryTree() for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { binaryTree.insert(arr[i]) } console.log(binaryTree.arr)优化思路二,构建红黑树
构建红黑树,平衡树的高度
有关红黑树的部分,请见红黑树的插入
let arr = [11, 12, 13, 9, 8, 7, 0, 1, 2, 2, 5, 7, 11, 11, 7, 6, 4, 5, 2, 2] console.log(Array.from(new Set(arr))) class Node { constructor(value) { this.value = value this.left = null this.right = null this.parent = null this.color = "red" } } class RedBlackTree { constructor() { this.root = null this.arr = [] } insert(value) { let node = new Node(value) if (!this.root) { node.color = "black" this.root = node this.arr.push(value) return this } let cur = this.root let inserted = false while (true) { if (value > cur.value) { if (cur.right) { cur = cur.right } else { cur.right = node this.arr.push(value) node.parent = cur inserted = true break } } if (value < cur.value) { if (cur.left) { cur = cur.left } else { cur.left = node this.arr.push(value) node.parent = cur inserted = true break } } if (value === cur.value) { break } } // 调整树的结构 if(inserted){ this.fixTree(node) } return this } fixTree(node) { if (!node.parent) { node.color = "black" this.root = node return } if (node.parent.color === "black") { return } let son = node let father = node.parent let grandFather = father.parent let directionFtoG = father === grandFather.left ? "left" : "right" let uncle = grandFather[directionFtoG === "left" ? "right" : "left"] let directionStoF = son === father.left ? "left" : "right" if (!uncle || uncle.color === "black") { if (directionFtoG === directionStoF) { if (grandFather.parent) { grandFather.parent[grandFather.parent.left === grandFather ? "left" : "right"] = father father.parent = grandFather.parent } else { this.root = father father.parent = null } father.color = "black" grandFather.color = "red" father[father.left === son ? "right" : "left"] && (father[father.left === son ? "right" : "left"].parent = grandFather) grandFather[grandFather.left === father ? "left" : "right"] = father[father.left === son ? "right" : "left"] father[father.left === son ? "right" : "left"] = grandFather grandFather.parent = father return } else { grandFather[directionFtoG] = son son.parent = grandFather son[directionFtoG] && (son[directionFtoG].parent = father) father[directionStoF] = son[directionFtoG] father.parent = son son[directionFtoG] = father this.fixTree(father) } } else { father.color = "black" uncle.color = "black" grandFather.color = "red" this.fixTree(grandFather) } } } let redBlackTree = new RedBlackTree() for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { redBlackTree.insert(arr[i]) } console.log(redBlackTree.arr)其他去重方法 通过 Set 对象去重
[...new Set(arr)]通过 sort() + reduce() 方法去重
排序后比较相邻元素是否相同,若不同则添加至返回的数组中
值得注意的是,排序的时候,默认 compare(2, "2") 返回 0;而 reduce() 时,进行全等比较
let arr = [0, 1, 2, "2", 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, "2", 2] let newArr = [] arr.sort((a, b) => { let res = a - b if (res !== 0) { return res } else { if (a === b) { return 0 } else { if (typeof a === "number") { return -1 } else { return 1 } } } }).reduce((pre, cur) => { if (pre !== cur) { newArr.push(cur) return cur } return pre }, null)通过 includes() + map() 方法去重
let arr = [0, 1, 2, "2", 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, "2", 2] let newArr = [] arr.map(a => !newArr.includes(a) && newArr.push(a))通过 includes() + reduce() 方法去重
let arr = [0, 1, 2, "2", 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, "2", 2] let newArr = arr.reduce((pre, cur) => { !pre.includes(cur) && pre.push(cur) return pre }, [])通过对象的键值对 + JSON 对象方法去重
let arr = [0, 1, 2, "2", 2, 5, 7, 11, 7, 5, 2, "2", 2] let obj = {} arr.map(a => { if(!obj[JSON.stringify(a)]){ obj[JSON.stringify(a)] = 1 } }) console.log(Object.keys(obj).map(a => JSON.parse(a)))
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